多尼尔 Do-28 | |
|---|---|
| 国家 | 德国 |
| 作用 | STOL 轻型多用途飞机 |
| 首次飞行 | 29 April 1959 |
| 建立 | 未知 |
Dornier Do 28
is a type designation that comprises two different twin-engine STOL utility aircraft, manufactured by German company Dornier Flugzeugbau GmbH. Most of them served with the German Air Force and Marineflieger and other air forces around the world in the communications and utility role. The Do 28 series consists of the fundamentally different Do 28 A/B (1959) and Do 28 D Skyservant (1966).| Dornier Do-28 B-1 Skyservant 四处走动 | |
|---|---|
| 摄影师 | 艾萨克·格什曼 |
| 本地化 | 未知 |
| 照片 | 24 |
Dornier Do-28 B-1 Skyservant 02
Dornier Do-28 B-1 Skyservant 01
Dornier Do-28 B-1 Skyservant 03
Dornier Do-28 B-1 Skyservant 04
Dornier Do-28 B-1 Skyservant 05
Dornier Do-28 B-1 Skyservant 06
Dornier Do-28 B-1 Skyservant 07
Dornier Do-28 B-1 Skyservant 08
Dornier Do-28 B-1 Skyservant 09
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A Tale of Two Aircraft
这 Dornier Do 28 family is unique because the name covers two distinct airframes. The Do 28 A/B series was a direct twin-engine evolution of the high-wing Do 27. However, the Do 28 D Skyservant (which includes the B-1 variant in some nomenclature contexts, though typically B-1 refers to the streamlined earlier model) was a total redesign. The Skyservant became the definitive version: a boxy, rugged “flying truck” designed for Short Take-Off and Landing (STOL) operations. It was so reliable that German pilots affectionately nicknamed it the “Bauernadler” (Farmer’s Eagle).
| Attribute | Specification (Dornier Do 28 B-1 / D-2 Series) |
|---|---|
| 作用 | STOL Utility / Transport / Liaison |
| 船员 | 1 or 2 Pilots |
| 能力 | Up to 12 Passengers / 2 Stretchers + Medics |
| 动力装置 | 2 x Lycoming IGSO-540-A1E fuel-injected engines |
| Horsepower | 290 hp (B-1) to 380 hp (D-2) per engine |
| 最高速度 | 320 km/h (173 knots / 199 mph) |
| Stall Speed | 70 km/h (38 knots / 44 mph) — Exceptional for its size |
| 范围 | 1,235 km (approx. 767 miles) |
Design and STOL Performance
- Unconventional Engine Layout: Unlike most twins, the engines are mounted on short stub-wing pylons attached to the lower fuselage. This keeps the center of gravity low, simplifies maintenance, and provides extra lift from the nacelles.
- High-Lift Devices: The wings feature full-span fixed leading-edge slats and large double-slotted Fowler flaps. This allows the Skyservant to lift off from “jungle strips” as short as 275 meters (900 ft).
- Rugged Landing Gear: The non-retractable tail-wheel undercarriage is built for rough, unprepared fields. The main gear struts are faired into the engine nacelle pylons for structural efficiency.
- The “Box” Fuselage: The Skyservant D-series moved to a rectangular cross-section, allowing for a flat floor and massive double doors on the port side, making it easy to load standard cargo pallets or oil drums.
Military and Special Roles
- German Military Service: The Luftwaffe and Marineflieger operated over 120 units for liaison, transport, and even maritime pollution control (equipped with Side-Looking Airborne Radar).
- The Israeli “Agur”: The Israeli Air Force used the Do 28 (naming it Agur, or Crane) extensively during the Yom Kippur War for light transport and reconnaissance.
- Air America: Small numbers of Do 28s were operated by the CIA-linked Air America in Southeast Asia, where their STOL performance allowed them to land at secretive, primitive “Lima Sites” in the mountains of Laos.
- Evolution into Turboprop: The airframe was so successful that it eventually evolved into the Dornier 128 and the much larger, highly popular Dornier 228.
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