Bell X-5 | |
|---|---|
| 国家 | 美国 |
| 作用 | 研究飞机 |
| 首次飞行 | 1951年6月20日 |
| 建立 | 2 |
这 贝尔 X-5 是第一架能够改变飞行中机翼的飞行。它的灵感来自德国梅塞施密特公司未经测试的战时P.1101设计。与德国的设计不同，贝尔工程师设计了一个电动马达系统来调整飞行中的扫地角度。
源： 维基百科上的贝尔 X-5
| Bell X-5 Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| Photographers | Vladimir Yakubov |
| Localisation | The National Museum of the USAF |
| Photos | 74 |
等等， 为你搜索贝尔 X - 5...
| Bell X-5 Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| Photographers | John Heck |
| Localisation | The National Museum of the USAF |
| Photos | 16 |
另请参阅：
The Quest for Versatile Flight
这 贝尔 X-5 was a landmark experimental aircraft designed to test the feasibility of changing a wing’s sweep angle during flight. This “swing-wing” capability was intended to provide the best of both worlds: high lift for takeoff and landing (straight wings) and reduced drag for high-speed flight (swept wings). While inspired by wartime German research, the X-5 was the first aircraft capable of adjusting its sweep in the air, paving the way for future icons like the F-14 Tomcat and the B-1 Lancer.
| Attribute | Technical Specification (Bell X-5) |
|---|---|
| 作用 | Experimental Variable-Sweep Research Aircraft |
| 船员 | 1 (Pilot) |
| First Flight | June 20, 1951 |
| 动力装置 | 1 × Allison J35-A-17 turbojet |
| Thrust | 4,900 lbf (21.8 kN) |
| 最高速度 | 1,150 km/h (715 mph) / Mach 0.98 |
| Sweep Range | 20° to 60° (Variable in flight) |
| Service Ceiling | 15,200 meters (49,900 ft) |
The Engineering of the Swing-Wing
- The Compensation Mechanism: Simply sweeping a wing back moves the Center of Pressure rearward, which would normally make a plane dive uncontrollably. To fix this, the X-5’s wings translated forward along rails as they swept back, maintaining the aircraft’s balance.
- German Origins: The X-5 design was heavily influenced by the unfinished Messerschmitt P.1101, which had wings that could be adjusted on the ground but not in flight. Bell engineers developed the complex electric motor and screw-jack system to enable in-flight movement.
- Nose-Inlet Design: Like many early jets, the X-5 used a straight-through air intake in the nose, with the pilot sitting directly above the engine ducting.
- Variable Drag: Pilots could change the sweep from 20° for landing to 60° for high-speed tests in less than 30 seconds.
Operational History & Safety Challenges
- The Spin Problem: The X-5 was notoriously unstable in a spin. Because of the way the mass was distributed, once the aircraft began to spin, it was nearly impossible to recover. This flaw led to the loss of the second prototype and the death of Major Ray Popson in 1953.
- Critical Data: Despite the risks, the X-5 program provided NASA (then NACA) and the Air Force with years of data on the aerodynamic loads and control difficulties of variable-geometry wings.
- Legacy: The success of the “swing-wing” concept proved by the X-5 led directly to the development of the General Dynamics F-111 Aardvark and the Grumman F-14 Tomcat.
- Preservation: The surviving X-5 is now part of the National Museum of the United States Air Force in Dayton, Ohio.
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