奥斯汀装甲车 | |
|---|---|
| 国家 | 英国 |
| 作用 | 装甲车 |
| 使用者 | 英国和俄罗斯帝国 |
| 建立 | 未知 |
这 奥斯汀装甲车 是第一次世界大战期间生产的英国装甲车。该车辆最出名的是它在第一次世界大战中被俄罗斯帝国军队使用，在俄罗斯内战中被不同部队使用。
源： 维基百科上的奥斯汀装甲车
| 奥斯汀-普蒂洛夫四处走走 | |
|---|---|
| 摄影师 | 迪特尔·克劳斯 |
| 本地化 | 未知 |
| 照片 | 24 |
另请参阅：
Design History and Production
这 奥斯汀-普蒂洛夫 represents a hybrid of British automotive engineering and Russian tactical requirements. During WWI, Russia imported chassis from the Austin Motor Company in the UK. However, the Russian military found the original armor and layout insufficient. In 1916, the Putilov Works in Saint Petersburg designed a new armored body featuring diagonally offset turrets. While production was delayed by the 1917 Revolution, the vehicle became one of the most significant armored assets used by both the Red and White Armies during the Russian Civil War.
| Attribute | Technical Specification (Austin-Putilov) |
|---|---|
| 作用 | Armored Reconnaissance / Infantry Support |
| 船员 | 4 (Commander, Driver, 2 Gunners) |
| Chassis | Austin 1.5-ton (1916-17 model) |
| 装备 | 2 x 7.62 mm Maxim M1910 machine guns |
| Armor Thickness | 4 mm to 7.5 mm (Chrome-Nickel steel) |
| 动力装置 | Austin 4-cylinder petrol (30–50 hp) |
| Transmission | 4 forward gears, 1 reverse |
| Max Road Speed | 50–55 km/h (approx. 31–34 mph) |
The Offset Turret Concept
- Optimized Fire Arcs: Unlike the standard British Austin armored cars where turrets were side-by-side, the Putilov design placed the turrets diagonally. This allowed both machine guns to fire simultaneously at the same target on either side of the vehicle, doubling its concentrated firepower.
- Vertical Elevation: The turrets were designed with increased vertical elevation to allow the machine guns to engage targets in high windows or on hillsides, a lesson learned from early urban combat.
- Internal Controls: The driver’s cabin featured armored shutters with narrow vision slits. Communication between the driver and the gunners in the cramped, non-powered turrets was done via shouting or hand signals.
Chassis and Armor Details
- Double Rear Wheels: To handle the weight of the Putilov-designed armor, the chassis utilized dual rear wheels to reduce ground pressure and prevent the vehicle from sinking into soft Russian soil.
- Armor Quality: The Putilov Works used high-quality chrome-nickel steel. While thin by modern standards, it was sufficient to deflect 7.62 mm rifle fire and shell splinters at most ranges.
- The “Lenin” Connection: The vehicle gained legendary status when Vladimir Lenin allegedly gave his famous speech from the top of an Austin-Putilov (the “Enemy of Capital”) upon his return to Petrograd in April 1917.
Wartime Evolution: The Kegresse Half-track
The most radical evolution of the Austin-Putilov was the Austin-Kegresse. To solve the problem of mobility in heavy snow and mud, Russian engineer Adolphe Kégresse replaced the rear wheels with a rubber track assembly. This made it the world’s first operational armored half-track, significantly outperforming wheeled armored cars on the winter battlefields of the Civil War.
视图 ： 321
