BRDM-1 | |
|---|---|
| 国家 | 苏联 |
| 作用 | 两栖装甲童子军车 |
| 在服务中 | 1957–1970 年代（苏联） |
| 建立 | 11500 |
这 BRDM-1 从字面上看，“装甲侦察/巡逻车”是一种苏联两栖装甲侦察车。它是自 BA-64 以来第一辆投入使用的苏联专用侦察车，建立在 BTR-40 装甲运兵车的底盘和传动系统上。它是世界上第一款量产的同级别战车。
| BRDM-1 四处走动 | |
|---|---|
| 摄影师 | 未知 |
| 本地化 | 未知 |
| 照片 | 26 |
另请参阅：
General Characteristics and Role
The BRDM-1 (Boyevaya Razvedyvatelnaya Dozornaya Mashina, or “Combat Reconnaissance Patrol Vehicle”), also initially known as the BTR-40P, was the first purpose-built, mass-produced Soviet armored reconnaissance vehicle. Developed in the mid-1950s, its primary role was to conduct deep reconnaissance, patrol, and convoy escort duties for motorized rifle and tank divisions. It featured a four-wheel-drive (4×4) configuration and an innovative feature: four auxiliary drop-down belly wheels that could be lowered to improve off-road mobility over ditches and trenches. Like many Soviet vehicles of the era, it was fully amphibious and powered by a rear-mounted engine. The BRDM-1 laid the groundwork for the more successful BRDM-2.
| Property | Typical Value (BRDM-1) |
|---|---|
| 类型 | 装甲侦察车 |
| NATO Reporting Name | BTR-40P |
| National Origin | 苏联 |
| 制造商 | GAZ (Gorky Automobile Plant) |
| Entered Service | 1957 |
| 船员 | 3 (Driver, Commander, Gunner) |
| 长度 | 5.70 m (18 ft 8 in) |
| 宽度 | 2.35 m (7 ft 9 in) |
| Combat Weight | 7.0 tonnes (7.7 tons) |
Armament and Mobility
- Main Armament: Generally a 7.62 mm SGMB or PK machine gun mounted on a pintle mount near the front commander/gunner hatch.
- Alternative Armament: Some variants mounted a heavier 14.5 mm KPV heavy machine gun and coaxial 7.62 mm PKT machine gun.
- Engine: GAZ-40PB 6-cylinder gasoline engine.
- Engine Power: 90 hp (67 kW).
- Maximum Road Speed: 90 km/h (56 mph).
- Amphibious Speed: 9 km/h (5.6 mph) (propelled by a single water jet at the rear).
- Unique Feature: The vehicle’s central tires featured an on-board central tire pressure regulation system, allowing the driver to adjust tire pressure to suit various terrain conditions (a feature carried over to many later Soviet/Russian armored vehicles).
Service History and Variants
- Service Life: The BRDM-1 served as the Soviet Union’s primary reconnaissance vehicle throughout the 1960s before being largely replaced by the BRDM-2.
- Export: It was widely exported to Warsaw Pact nations and various Soviet client states in the Middle East, Africa, and Asia.
- Variants: The chassis was used for anti-tank and anti-aircraft roles:
- BRDM-1U: Command vehicle variant.
- 2P27: Anti-tank variant carrying three 3M6 Shmel (AT-1 Snapper) anti-tank guided missiles (ATGM).
- 9K52: Anti-tank variant carrying four 9M17 Falanga (AT-2 Swatter) ATGMs.
- Legacy: The BRDM-1 provided vital lessons in combining high road speed, excellent off-road mobility, and amphibious capability in a lightly armored reconnaissance role, influencing the design of all succeeding vehicles in its class.
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