Noord-Amerikaanse A-36A Apache

Noord-Amerikaanse A-36A Apache

LandVerenigde Staten
RoleGrondaanval/duikbommenwerper
Eerste vluchtoktober 1942
Gebouwd500

De Noord-Amerikaanse A-36 Apache (in sommige bronnen vermeld als "Invader", maar ook mustang genoemd) was de grondaanval / duikbommenwerperversie van de Noord-Amerikaanse P-51 Mustang, waarvan deze kon worden onderscheiden door de aanwezigheid van rechthoekige, lattenbodemduikremmen boven en onder de vleugels. Een totaal van 500 A-36 duikbommenwerpers diende in Noord-Afrika, de Middellandse Zee, Italië en het China-Birma-India theater tijdens de Tweede Wereldoorlog voordat ze in 1944 uit operationeel gebruik werden teruggetrokken.

Bron: Noord-Amerikaanse A-36A Apache op Wikipedia

North American A-36A Apache
FotograafJohn Heck
LokalisatieOnbewust
Foto 's14
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Info
RoleGrondaanval/duikbommenwerper
FabrikantNoord-Amerikaanse luchtvaart
DesignerEdgar Schmued
Eerste vluchtoktober 1942
Introductie1942
Voormalig1945
Primaire gebruiker United States Army Air Forces
Aantal gebouwd500
Ontwikkeld uitP-51 Mustang

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Zie ook:

Tweede Wereldoorlog: de definitieve visuele geschiedenis van Blitzkrieg tot de atoombom (DK Definitive Visual Histories) - Amazon Kaart voor kaart van de Tweede Wereldoorlog (DK History Map by Map) - Amazon

North American A-36A Apache
FotograafVladimir Yakubov
LokalisatieOnbewust
Foto 's26

The Mustang’s Forgotten Warrior

De Noord-Amerikaanse A-36A Apache (often called the “Invader” by its crews) was the ground-attack version of the early P-51 Mustang. Before the Mustang became a high-altitude escort legend with a Merlin engine, it was a low-level specialist powered by the Allison V-1710. The A-36A was specifically adapted for the dive-bombing role to satisfy U.S. Army Air Corps contracts. It was rugged, fast, and surprisingly effective, proving that the Mustang airframe was a winner long before it ever saw a drop of British-designed power.

Attribute Technical Specification (A-36A)
Role Dive Bomber / Ground Attack
Bemanning 1 (Pilot)
Krachtbron 1 × Allison V-1710-87 liquid-cooled V12
Horsepower 1,325 hp (at low altitude)
Maximum Speed 365 mph (587 km/h) at 5,000 ft
Dive Speed Limit 390 mph (with brakes deployed)
Bewapening 6 × .50 cal Browning M2 machine guns; 2 × 500 lb bombs
First Combat June 1943 (North Africa/Sicily)

Design Engineering: Brakes and Brownings

  • Hydraulic Dive Brakes: The most distinctive feature of the A-36A was the set of rectangular, cast-aluminum “slats” on the upper and lower wings. These acted as fences to limit dive speeds to a manageable 390 mph, allowing for much greater bombing accuracy during a steep descent.
  • Nose-Mounted Guns: Unlike later Mustangs which carried all their guns in the wings, the A-36A carried two of its six .50 caliber machine guns in the lower engine cowling, synchronized to fire through the propeller arc. This provided a very concentrated “point” of fire for strafing.
  • The Allison Engine: The V-1710 was a fantastic engine at low altitudes, but it lacked a multi-stage supercharger. This made the A-36A a “mud-mover” by necessity, as its performance dropped off significantly above 12,000 feet.
  • Rugged Cooling: The iconic scoop under the belly was reinforced on the A-36 to handle the debris and high-stress maneuvers associated with “hedge-hopping” and low-level ground support.

Combat History: Screaming Over the Mediterranean

  • Sicily and Italy: The A-36A saw its heaviest use in the Mediterranean Theater. Pilots would dive at 70-degree angles to drop bombs on bridges, trains, and bunkers. It was so quiet in a dive that it often achieved total surprise over German and Italian positions.
  • A Surprising Dogfighter: Despite being weighed down by bombs and dive brakes, the A-36A was still a Mustang. A-36 pilots were credited with 84 aerial victories, and the type even produced one ace: Lt. Michael T. Russo.
  • The Name Game: While the factory called it the “Apache,” the AAF initially tried to name it the “Invader.” However, crews and the public eventually just started calling them “Mustangs,” leading to the A-36 name largely fading into the shadow of the P-51.
  • The Burma Front: The A-36A also served in the China-Burma-India (CBI) theater, where its long range (compared to the P-40) allowed it to strike Japanese supply lines deep in the jungle.

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