일류신 일2 | |
|---|---|
| 국가 | 소련 사회주의 연방 공화국 |
| 형식 | 지상 공격 항공기 |
| 첫 비행 | 1939년 10월 2일 |
| 내장 | 38183 |
Tthe 일류신 일2 (키릴 자모: Илью́шин Ил-2) Sturmovik은 제 2 차 세계 대전 중 소련에서 대량으로 생산 한 지상 공격 항공기 (키릴 자모 : Штурмови́к, Šturmovík)입니다. 전쟁 중 생산 된 Il-2의 36,183 대와 그 후계자 인 Ilyushin Il-10과 함께 총 42,330 대가 제작되어 항공 역사상 가장 많이 생산 된 군용 항공기 설계뿐만 아니라 미국 전후 민간인 Cessna 172 및 소련의 당시 현대 Polikarpov Po-2 Kukuruznik 다목적 복엽기와 함께 역사상 가장 많이 생산 된 조종 항공기 중 하나입니다.
소스: 키 피 디 아
| Iliouchine Il-2 | |
|---|---|
| 사진 작가 | Unknow |
| 로컬라이제이션 | Unknow |
| 사진 | 36 |
| Ilyushin Il-2M3 Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| 사진 작가 | 블라디미르 야쿠보프 |
| 로컬라이제이션 | 플라잉 헤리티지 컬렉션 |
| 사진 | 72 |
| Ilyushin Il-2 Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| 사진 작가 | Unknow |
| 로컬라이제이션 | Unknow |
| 사진 | 14 |
참고 항목:
| IL-2M3 Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| Il-2 생산 1944 "화살과 날개": Referred in West as “Il-2M3” or “Il-2 Type 3”. As more duralumin became available for the Soviet aviation industry, the Il-2 received a set of all-metal wing panels. At the same time, the outer wing planform was swept back, with a straight trailing edge, since the centre of gravity was shifted rearwards after the gunner was added. The wing planform change regained controllability of the two-seat Il-2 back to level of the single-seat Il-2. | |
| 사진 작가 | 세바스찬 리오스, 마틴 세들라체크 |
| 로컬라이제이션 | Unknow |
| 사진 | 26 |
Role and Design Concept
The Ilyushin Il-2, known as the 슈투르모빅 (Russian for “Storm Bird”), was the primary Soviet ground-attack aircraft of World War II. It was designed from the outset by Sergey Ilyushin’s bureau to be a low-altitude attack platform, built around a unique protective “armored tub.”
The “Flying Tank”
The most distinctive and vital feature of the Il-2 was its integrated armor protection. The forward section of the fuselage—which encased the engine, cockpit, radiators, and fuel tank—was constructed as a single, welded, armored shell of thick steel plate (up to 12 mm). This heavy protection earned it the German nicknames of “Flying Tank” 그리고 “Concrete Plane,” making it famously resistant to small arms fire and light anti-aircraft weapons.
Early models were single-seaters, but high losses from enemy fighters attacking from the rear quickly led to the development of the most common version, the two-seat **Il-2M3**. This variant added a gunner position with a defensive 12.7 mm machine gun, albeit often in a less-protected section of the fuselage. The airframe itself utilized a mix of materials; while the front was steel, the aft fuselage and wings were often constructed with wood due to wartime shortages of strategic metals.
Armament and Impact
The Shturmovik delivered a devastating punch to enemy ground forces. Its typical armament package was designed for maximum destruction of armored columns and troop concentrations:
- Main Guns: Two fixed forward-firing 23 mm VYa-23 cannons and two machine guns. Later versions mounted larger 37 mm cannons for greater anti-tank capability.
- Rockets and Bombs: It carried a load of rockets (RS-82 or RS-132) and high-explosive bombs. Crucially, it was one of the first aircraft to effectively utilize **PTAB anti-tank bomblets**, which, when scattered from low altitude, could strike the thinly armored tops of German tanks.
Its effectiveness in stopping German Panzer (tank) divisions, particularly during pivotal battles like Kursk, led Joseph Stalin to famously state that the aircraft was “as necessary to the Red Army as air or bread.” Its service life extended beyond WWII, continuing in use with various Soviet-allied nations.
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