Martin PBM Mariner | |
|---|---|
| 국가 | 미국 |
| 역할 | 순찰 폭격기 비행정 |
| 첫 번째 비행 | 1939년 2월 18일 |
| 내장 | 1366 |
Tthe 마틴 PBM 마리너 제 2 차 세계 대전과 초기 냉전 시대의 미국 순찰 폭격기 비행정이었습니다. 그것은 서비스중인 통합 PBY Catalina를 보완하도록 설계되었습니다. 총 1,366대가 건조되었으며 첫 번째 예는 1939년 2월 18일에 비행하고 유형은 1940년 9월에 취역했습니다.
| Martin PBM Mariner | |
|---|---|
| 사진 작가 | Unknow |
| 로컬라이제이션 | Unknow |
| 사진 | 133 |
| Martin Mariner PBM-5A Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| 사진 작가 | 시스 헨드릭스 |
| 로컬라이제이션 | Unknow |
| 사진 | 28 |
참고 항목:
| Martin PBM-5A Mariner Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| 사진 작가 | 블라디미르 야쿠보프 |
| 로컬라이제이션 | 피마 항공 우주 박물관, 투스콘 |
| 사진 | 133 |
The Navy’s Heavyweight Hunter
Tthe 마틴 PBM 마리너 was the larger, more heavily armed, and arguably more capable twin-engine cousin to the famous PBY Catalina. While the Catalina was the “eyes” of the fleet, the Mariner was its “fist.” Designed as a long-range patrol bomber and anti-submarine platform, the Mariner was a massive, gull-winged beast that could carry a larger bomb load than a B-17 Flying Fortress. It was built to endure the brutal conditions of open-ocean landings, serving with distinction in both the Atlantic and Pacific theaters as a sub-hunter, rescue craft, and transport.
| Attribute | Technical Specification (PBM-5) |
|---|---|
| 역할 | Patrol Bomber / Flying Boat / Search and Rescue (SAR) |
| 승무원 | 7 to 11 (Varies by mission) |
| 엔진 | 2 × Pratt & Whitney R-2800-34 Double Wasps (2,100 hp each) |
| 최대 속도 | 330 km/h (205 mph) |
| 레인지 | 4,800 km (3,000 miles) |
| Service Ceiling | 6,000 m (19,800 ft) |
| 군비 | 8 × .50 cal Browning M2s (Nose, Dorsal, Tail, and Waist) |
| 페이로드 | Up to 3,600 kg (8,000 lbs) of Bombs, Depth Charges, or 2 Torpedoes |
Design Engineering: Gull Wings and Engine Nacelle Bays
- The “Gull” Wing: The PBM featured a distinctive “inverted gull wing” design. This was done to raise the massive engines as far away from the water spray as possible during take-off and landing, protecting the propellers from damage.
- The Bomb Bay Nacelles: In a brilliant bit of engineering, the Mariner’s bomb bays weren’t in the fuselage—they were located inside the engine nacelles. This kept the main hull clear for crew, fuel, and survival gear.
- Dreadnought Defense: The Mariner was bristling with guns. It featured powered turrets in the nose, dorsal (top), and tail positions, making it an incredibly difficult target for enemy fighters to approach.
- Retractable Floats: To reduce drag in flight, the stabilizing floats on the wingtips retracted inward. Unlike the PBY Catalina, which folded its floats to become the wingtips, the Mariner’s floats retracted into the wing structure itself.
Operational History: Submarines and “Dumbo” Missions
- U-Boat Scourge: In the Atlantic, the PBM was a terrifying sight for German U-boat crews. Equipped with advanced radar in the “teardrop” pod above the cockpit, it could hunt subs at night or in thick fog, ending the career of many Type VII and Type IX submarines.
- The “Dumbo” Rescue: In the Pacific, the PBM flew “Dumbo” missions—named after the flying elephant—to rescue downed pilots from the ocean. Its large size allowed it to carry a significant number of survivors and a full medical suite.
- The Flight 19 Connection: A tragic part of the Mariner’s history involves the “Bermuda Triangle” legend. A PBM-5 sent to search for the missing Flight 19 Avengers in 1945 exploded in mid-air shortly after take-off, likely due to a fuel vapor leak—a known hazard in early Mariner models.
- JATO Power: To get off the water when overloaded or in calm seas (where “suction” keeps the hull stuck to the water), the Mariner often used JATO (Jet-Assisted Take-Off) rockets strapped to the fuselage for an extra boost of thrust.
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