BM-21 Grad | |
|---|---|
| 국가 | 소련 |
| 역할 | 여러 로켓 발사기 |
| 서비스 중 | 1963-현재 |
| 내장 | 2000 |
Tthe BM-21 "그라드"(러시아어: 21일 "θî", 조명. '우박') 소련 트럭 장착 122mm 멀티 로켓 발사기입니다. 1960년대 초에 발사된 무기 시스템과 M-21OF 로켓은 1969년 3월 중소련 국경 분쟁 에서 처음으로 전투 사용이 사용되었습니다. BM은 보에바야 마시나(러시아어: 전투차량)를 의미하며, 그 별명은 "우박"을 의미합니다. BM-21 발사체와 M-21OF 로켓을 장착한 전체 시스템은 M-21 필드 로켓 시스템으로 지정됩니다.
소스: BM-21 위키백과에 그라드
| BM-21 Grad on URAL 4320 Chassis Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| 사진 작가 | 유리 파홀로크 |
| 로컬라이제이션 | Unknow |
| 사진 | 120 |
참고 항목:
General Characteristics and Role
The BM-21 “Grad” (Russian for “hail”) is a Soviet-era 122 mm multiple launch rocket system (MLRS) designed to deliver large volumes of fire against enemy infantry, armored vehicles, artillery positions, and command posts. The system is mounted on a highly mobile Ural-4320 6×6 cross-country truck chassis. The combination is robust, relatively inexpensive to produce, and simple to operate, making it one of the most widely exported and utilized MLRS systems globally. It is designed to saturate a target area quickly, providing massive destructive power over a wide zone.
| Property | Typical Value (BM-21 on Ural-4320) |
|---|---|
| 형식 | Multiple Launch Rocket System (MLRS) |
| National Origin | Soviet Union (currently Russia) |
| Service Entry | 1963 (Original BM-21) |
| 섀시 | Ural-4320 6×6 Military Truck |
| 승무원 | 3-5 (Varies by user/version) |
| Length (Vehicle) | 7.35 m (24 ft 1 in) |
| Width (Vehicle) | 2.69 m (8 ft 10 in) |
| Height (Launcher Stowed) | 3.09 m (10 ft 2 in) |
| Weight (Combat Loaded) | Approx. 13.7 metric tons |
Launch System and Performance
- Launcher: 40 launch tubes (4 rows of 10) mounted on the rear of the truck.
- Rocket Caliber: 122 mm.
- Maximum Range: Standard rockets range from about 20 km to 27 km (12.4 to 17 miles), though modern variants can reach up to 40 km.
- Firing Rate: A full salvo of 40 rockets can be fired in about 20 seconds.
- Re-load Time: Manual reloading typically takes 5 to 10 minutes by a trained crew.
- Engine (Ural-4320): KAMAZ-740.10 V8 diesel engine or similar.
- Road Speed: Up to 85 km/h (53 mph).
- Cross-Country Mobility: Excellent, thanks to the 6×6 all-wheel drive and high ground clearance of the Ural truck.
Ammunition and Impact
- Standard Ammunition: High-Explosive Fragmentation (HE-Frag) rockets (9M22 family).
- Specialized Rounds: Can fire rounds with chemical, smoke, illumination, incendiary, and anti-tank mine-laying warheads.
- Salvo Area: The 40-round salvo of a single BM-21 can effectively saturate a target area of approximately 700 meters by 700 meters, or about 32 acres.
- Operational Doctrine: Typically deployed in batteries, where multiple launchers fire simultaneously to achieve devastating area saturation.
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