2S1 그보즈디카 | |
| 국가 | 소비에트 연방 |
| 형식 | 자체 추진 곡사포 |
| 서비스 중 | 1972년~현재 |
| 내장 | 10000+ |
사진 갤러리 2S1 그보즈디카, The 2S1 그보즈디카 (러시아어 : 2С1 «Гвоздика», "Carnation")은 122mm 2A18 곡사포를 장착한 섀시 MT-LB APC를 기반으로 하는 소련 자체 추진 곡사포입니다. "2S1"은 GRAU 명칭입니다. 대체 러시아 명칭은 SAU-122이지만 러시아 육군에서는 일반적으로 Gvozdika로 알려져 있습니다. 2S1은 준비가 거의 되지 않은 완전 수륙양용이며, 일단 떠오르면 궤도에 의해 추진됩니다. 2S1이 눈이나 늪 조건에서 작동할 수 있도록 다양한 더 넓은 트랙도 사용할 수 있습니다. NBC로 보호되며 적외선 야간 투시 기능이 있습니다.
소스: 2S1 그보즈디카 ― 위키
| 2S1 Gvozdika Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| 사진 작가 | 올리비에 카노 |
| 로컬라이제이션 | 운코우 |
| 사진 | 49 |
| 2S1 Gvozdika Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| 사진 작가 | 블라디미르 야쿠보프 |
| 로컬라이제이션 | 군용 차량 기술 재단 |
| 사진 | 224 |
커피 사줘참고 항목:
General Characteristics and Role
The 2S1 Gvozdika (Russian: “Carnation”) is a Soviet-designed 122 mm self-propelled howitzer (SPH) developed in the late 1960s. Its primary role was to provide immediate, powerful, and mobile artillery fire support to motorized rifle and tank regiments at the battalion level. The 2S1 is based on the chassis of the MT-LB multi-purpose armored vehicle, making it highly mobile and, notably, fully amphibious. This capability allows it to cross water obstacles without preparation, a key requirement for Soviet doctrine. It remains widely used across the globe due to its simplicity, reliability, and versatility.
| Property | Typical Value (2S1) |
|---|---|
| 형식 | Self-Propelled Howitzer (SPH) |
| National Origin | 소련 |
| 제조업체 | Kharkiv Tractor Plant (KhTZ) |
| Entered Service | 1972 |
| 섀시 | Modified MT-LB Multi-purpose Carrier |
| 승무원 | 4 (Commander, Driver, Gunner, Loader) |
| Combat Weight | 16,000 kg (35,274 lb) |
| Length (Gun Forward) | 7.26 m (23 ft 10 in) |
| 너비 | 2.85 m (9 ft 4 in) |
Armament and Performance
- Main Armament: 1 x 122 mm D-32 (2A31) howitzer (L/35 caliber).
- Maximum Range: 15.3 km (9.5 mi) with standard high-explosive (HE) projectiles.
- Extended Range: Up to 21.9 km (13.6 mi) with rocket-assisted projectiles (RAP).
- Rate of Fire: 4 to 5 rounds per minute.
- Ammunition: 35 rounds carried internally (40 rounds in later variants). The 122 mm caliber provides compatibility with a large family of Soviet/Russian shells.
- Engine: 1 x YaMZ-238N V-8 water-cooled diesel engine.
- Engine Power: 300 hp (224 kW).
- Maximum Road Speed: 60 km/h (37 mph).
- Amphibious Speed: 4.5 km/h (2.8 mph) (propelled by tracks).
Service History and Design Notes
- Operational Use: The 2S1 has been used in virtually every major conflict involving former Soviet states and client states since its introduction, including the Soviet-Afghan War, the Chechen Wars, the Yugoslav Wars, and the ongoing conflict in Ukraine.
- Amphibious Design: Its light weight and low ground pressure allow it to float, a major advantage in the swampy terrain often found in Central and Eastern Europe.
- Export Success: Due to its affordability and reliability, the 2S1 was exported extensively and manufactured under license in Poland (as the Goździk) and Bulgaria. It currently serves in the armies of over 40 countries.
- Modernization: Many current operators have modernized the 2S1 with digital fire control systems and NATO-standard communications gear, extending its service life well into the 21st century.
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