Sous-marin midget de type A

Type A Midget Submarine

PaysEmpire du Japon
ClasseSous-marin de classe Kō-hyōteki
PériodeSeconde Guerre mondiale
ConstruitInconnu

Lla Type A Ko-hyoteki (甲標的甲型 Kō-hyōteki kō-gata, Cible ‘Un’Type ‘Un’) était une classe de sous-marins nains japonais (Ko-hyoteki) utilisés pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Ils avaient des numéros de coque, mais pas de noms. Par souci de simplicité, ils sont le plus souvent mentionnés par le numéro de coque du sous-marin mère. Ainsi, le nain transporté par sous-marin de classe I-16 était connu sous le nom d’I-16’s bateau, ou « I-16tou. » Cette classe a été suivie par : type B (甲標的乙型 Kō-hyōteki otsu-gata), type C (甲標的丙型 Kō-hyōteki hei-gata), et type D (甲標的丁型 Kō-hyōteki tei-gata), le dernier mieux connu sous le nom de Kōryū

Source: Type A Midget Submarine sur Wikipedia

Japanese Type A Midget Submarine Walk Around
PhotographerBill Maloney
LocalisationUnknow
Photos20
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Voir aussi :

Seconde Guerre mondiale : l’histoire visuelle définitive de la Blitzkrieg à la bombe atomique (DK Definitive Visual Histories) - Amazon Carte par carte de la Seconde Guerre mondiale (carte par carte de l’histoire du Danemark) - Amazon

Japanese Submarines in World War Two: Hirohito's Silent Hunters in Action - Amazon


General Characteristics and Role

The Type A midget submarine, formally designated the Kō-hyōteki (Target A) class, was a two-man submersible developed by the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) in the late 1930s. The name « Target A » was a codename used to disguise its true purpose: a high-speed, stealth weapon intended for penetrating heavily defended enemy harbors and attacking anchored capital ships. The submarines were not built for long-range patrols but were transported to the operational area via larger « mother » submarines. Their most famous, though largely unsuccessful, deployment was during the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, where five units were launched.

Property Typical Value (Standard Type A)
Class Name Kō-hyōteki (Target A)
Rôle Midget Submarine (Harbor Attack)
National Origin Marine impériale japonaise
Year Introduced 1940
Crew 2 (Commander and Engineer)
Length 23.9 m (78 ft 5 in)
Beam 1.85 m (6 ft 1 in)
Displacement (Submerged) 46 long tons (46.7 tonnes)
Test Depth 30 m (100 ft)

Propulsion and Performance

  • Propulsion: Purely electric, powered by a 600 hp electric motor. The Type A did not have a diesel engine for recharging or surface cruising.
  • Power Source: 224 lead-acid batteries, recharged by the mother submarine before launch.
  • Maximum Speed (Submerged): Up to 19 knots (35 km/h), making it exceptionally fast for a submerged vessel of its time.
  • Operational Range: Very limited, approximately 100 nautical miles at 2 knots submerged.
  • Propellers: Used counter-rotating propellers on a single shaft for increased efficiency and maneuverability.

Armament and Key Engagements

  • Armament: 2 x 450 mm (17.7-inch) muzzle-loaded torpedo tubes located in the bow, carrying two Type 97 or Type 2 oxygen-fueled torpedoes.
  • Self-Destruction: Equipped with a 140 kg (300 lb) scuttling charge intended for self-destruction to prevent capture.
  • Pearl Harbor: Five Type A boats were launched; one (HA-20) was sunk by the USS Ward before the main air attack, marking the first US action of the Pacific War. Only one crewman, Ensign Kazuo Sakamaki of HA-19, survived and was captured, becoming the first Japanese prisoner of war.
  • Other Operations: Used in the raid on Sydney Harbour (May 1942) and the attack on Diego Suarez in Madagascar (May 1942), achieving some success but losing all participating submarines in each case.

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