Hawker Siddeley P.1127

Hawker Siddeley P.1127
Pays	Royaume-uni
Type	Aéronefs expérimentaux V/ADAC
Premier vol	19 novembre 1960 (P.1127) – 7 mars 1964 (Crécerelle)
Construit	6 P.1127 – 9 Crécerelles

Lla Hawker P.1127 et le Hawker Siddeley Crécerelle FGA.1 sont les avions expérimentaux et de développement qui ont mené au Hawker Siddeley Harrier, le premier chasseur-bombardier à réaction à décollage et atterrissage verticaux et/ou courts (V/STOL). Le développement du P.1127 a commencé en 1957, profitant de la Bristol Engine Company’s choix d’investir dans la création du moteur à poussée vectorielle Pegasus. Les essais ont commencé en juillet 1960 et, à la fin de l’année, l’avion avait atteint à la fois un décollage vertical et un vol horizontal.

Source: Hawker Siddeley P.1127 sur Wiki

Hawker XV-6A Kestrel Se promener
Photographe	Vladimir Yakubov
Localisation	Virginia Air &Space Center, Hampton, VIRGINIE
Photos	106

Hawker XV-6A Kestrel 01

Hawker XV-6A Kestrel 02

Hawker XV-6A Kestrel 03

Hawker XV-6A Kestrel 04

Hawker XV-6A Kestrel 05

Hawker XV-6A Kestrel 06

Hawker XV-6A Kestrel 07

Hawker XV-6A Kestrel 08

Hawker XV-6A Kestrel 09

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Hawker Siddeley P.1127 Harrier Walk Around
Photographe	Burhand Donke
Localisation	Inconnu
Photos	21

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Hawker P.1127 Walk Around
Photographe	Meindert de Vreeze
Localisation	Inconnu
Photos	41

Development and the Tripartite Evaluation

The Hawker Siddeley Kestrel was an experimental V/STOL (Vertical/Short Take-Off and Landing) aircraft developed in the early 1960s as a follow-up to the P.1127. It served as a critical technology demonstrator for the « vectored thrust » concept. In 1964, a unique « Tripartite Evaluation Squadron » was formed, consisting of pilots and ground crews from the UK, the United States, and West Germany. This joint team spent a year proving that a jet fighter could operate from unprepared fields, forest clearings, and small ship decks, effectively laying the operational groundwork for the future Harrier.

Attribute	Standard Specification (Kestrel FGA.1 / XV-6A)
Rôle	V/STOL Evaluation Aircraft
Crew	1 (Pilot)
Groupe motopropulseur	1 x Bristol Siddeley Pegasus 5 (15,200 lbf thrust)
Vitesse maximale	1,142 km/h (710 mph) / Mach 0.92 at sea level
Length	12.95 meters (42 ft 6 in)
Envergure	6.99 meters (22 ft 11 in)
Maximum Weight	7,030 kg (15,500 lb)
First Flight	March 7, 1964

The Pegasus Engine and Vectored Thrust

Single-Engine Solution: Unlike other VTOL designs that used multiple « lift engines, » the Kestrel used one Pegasus turbofan with four rotating nozzles to direct all thrust for both hover and forward flight.
Reaction Control System: Because aerodynamic surfaces (flaps/rudders) don’t work in a hover, the Kestrel used « puffer » jets at the nose, tail, and wingtips, fed by engine bleed air, to maintain balance.
Landing Gear: It featured a unique « zero-track » bicycle landing gear—two main wheels in tandem under the fuselage and small outrigger wheels on the wingtips for stability.
VIFF Capability: During testing, pilots discovered they could « Vector In Forward Flight » (VIFF), rotating the nozzles during air combat to decelerate rapidly or turn tighter than conventional aircraft.

Transition to the United States

The XV-6A Designation: After the tripartite trials ended in 1965, six of the aircraft were shipped to the US for further testing by the Army, Navy, and Air Force, receiving the American designation XV-6A.
Marine Corps Interest: While the US Air Force and Army eventually passed on the design, the US Marine Corps was so impressed by the XV-6A trials that they pushed for the acquisition of its successor, the AV-8A Harrier.
Preservation: Several Kestrels survive today, most notably at the National Museum of the US Air Force in Dayton, Ohio, and the Pima Air & Space Museum in Arizona.