P-63 King Cobra – Procházka

P-63 King Cobra
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P-63A-7 Kingcobra
Fotograf	Cees Hendriks
Lokalizace	Neznámé
Fotografie	23

Bell P-63F Kingcobra Walk Around
Fotograf	Vladimir Jakubov
Lokalizace	Letecká základna Nellis
Fotografie	59

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Bell P-63E Kingcobra Walk Around
Fotograf	Vladimir Jakubov
Lokalizace	Národní muzeum USAF
Fotografie	63

P-63 King Cobra
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Bell P-63C Kingcobra Walk Around
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Fotografie	11

Bell P-63A Kingcobra Walk Around
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Tá Zvon P-63 Kingcobra was an American single-engine fighter aircraft developed during World War II, intended as a larger, more powerful, and improved successor to the company’s previous design, the P-39 Airacobra. Despite its significant technical advancements, the U.S. Army Air Forces (USAAF) chose not to use it in frontline combat, dedicating the vast majority of its production to the Sovětský svaz under the Lend-Lease Act.

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Design and Configuration

The P-63 inherited the unique design philosophy of the P-39, featuring a mid-fuselage engine placement which allowed for the concentration of heavy weaponry in the nose. Key design points included:

• Mid-Engine Layout: The Allison V-1710 V-12 liquid-cooled engine was situated behind the pilot, driving the propeller via a long shaft. This unusual placement optimized the aircraft’s center of gravity.
• Laminar Flow Wing: A significant improvement over the P-39, the P-63 used a new laminar flow wing design, improving its aerodynamic efficiency and speed.
• Tricycle Landing Gear: Like its predecessor, it utilized a tricycle undercarriage (with a nose wheel), a modern feature for its era.
• High-Altitude Capability: Later models incorporated a two-stage supercharger for the Allison engine, addressing the poor high-altitude performance that plagued the P-39.

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Armament and Performance

The Kingcobra was primarily built around its formidable main gun, which the Soviet Union particularly valued for ground attack:

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Operational Role

Of the over 3,300 P-63s produced, over two-thirds were sent to the Soviet Union, where it became a workhorse. It saw extensive combat on the Eastern Front, particularly excelling in low-altitude air-to-air combat A pozemní útok missions against German forces. Its heavy 37mm cannon was effective in anti-tank and close-support roles.

In contrast, the P-63’s use by the USAAF was limited and highly specialized:

• RP-63 “Pinball”: Many U.S.-retained Kingcobras were converted into manned aerial target aircraft (RP-63 variants). These planes were heavily armored and fitted with sensors that flashed a light in the propeller hub when hit by special non-lethal, frangible bullets, providing essential training for bomber gunners.

The Kingcobra was also supplied to the Free French forces and continued to see service with various nations into the post-war era.

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