Transall C-160 | |
|---|---|
| 国家 | 法国-德国 |
| 作用 | 运输机 |
| 首次飞行 | 1963年2月25日 |
| 建立 | 214 |
这 跨全 C-160 （通常为C.160或简称Transall）是一种军用运输机，由法国和德国合资设计和生产。Transall 是专门组建的联盟运输商安联的缩写，由 MBB、航空空间和 VFW-福克公司组成。它最初是为了满足法国和德国空军现代货机的要求而研制的：还向南非和土耳其以及少数向民用经营者出口销售产品。
| C-160R Transall | |
|---|---|
| 摄影师 | 明德·德·弗瑞泽 |
| 本地化 | 未知 |
| 照片 | 53 |
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The European Workhorse
这 跨C-160 (Transport Allianz) was born from a unique post-war collaboration between France and West Germany. Designed specifically to replace the Nord Noratlas, it was built to operate from short, semi-prepared strips in harsh environments—from the Saharan sands to the Alpine snow. While it shares a similar silhouette to the American C-130 Hercules, the Transall is a twin-engine design optimized for European and African logistical requirements, known for its incredible stability at low speeds and its rugged, “unbreakable” landing gear.
| Attribute | Technical Specification (C-160NG) |
|---|---|
| 作用 | Tactical Transport / Multi-role Support |
| 船员 | 3 (Two Pilots and one Flight Engineer) |
| First Flight | February 25, 1963 |
| 动力装置 | 2 × Rolls-Royce Tyne Mk.22 turboprops |
| Horsepower | 6,100 shp (4,549 kW) per engine |
| 最高速度 | 320 mph (513 km/h) |
| Max Payload | 35,275 lbs (16,000 kg) |
| Service Ceiling | 27,000 feet (8,230 m) |
Tactical Design & Versatility
- High-Flotation Landing Gear: The C-160’s landing gear is a marvel of engineering, featuring large, low-pressure tires that retract into prominent “sponsons” on the side of the fuselage. This allows the plane to land on soft mud or deep sand without sinking.
- The “Gabriel” & “Astout” Variants: France developed highly specialized versions, including the C-160G Gabriel for electronic intelligence (ELINT) and the C-160H Astarté, which served as a flying communications relay for the French nuclear submarine fleet.
- Rolls-Royce Tyne Engines: The massive 18-foot (5.5m) four-bladed propellers provide immense low-speed thrust, giving the Transall impressive STOL (Short Take-Off and Landing) performance, often outperforming the C-130 on very short strips.
- Air-to-Air Refueling: The second-generation C-160NG (Nouvelle Génération) introduced a prominent refueling probe above the cockpit and the ability to act as a tanker themselves, extending the reach of French operations in Africa.
A Legacy of Service
- African Operations: The Transall was the backbone of French operations in Africa (Operation Serval and Barkhane) for decades, earning the nickname “The Angel” from troops on the ground for its reliability in delivering supplies and evacuating the wounded.
- Humanitarian Hero: During the 1984–1985 famine in Ethiopia, C-160s from Germany and France flew thousands of “low-level” drops of food and supplies into remote villages where no runways existed.
- The Retirement: After nearly 60 years of service, the C-160 was officially retired by the Luftwaffe in 2021 and the French Air Force in 2022, replaced by the much larger Airbus A400M.
- The “Retro” Farewell: For its retirement, the German Luftwaffe painted a C-160 (50+40) in a stunning “Retro-Brummel” scheme, featuring the various liveries the aircraft wore throughout its history.
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