苏霍伊Su-25 | |
|---|---|
| 国家 | 苏联 |
| 类型 | 近距离空中支援 |
| 首次飞行 | 22 二月 1975 |
| 建立 | 1000+ |
苏霍伊 Su-25 Grach（北约报告名称：Frogfoot）是苏霍伊在苏联开发的一种亚音速、单座、双引擎喷气式飞机。它旨在为苏联地面部队提供近距离空中支援。第一架原型机于 1975 年 2 月 22 日首飞。经过测试，该飞机于 1978 年在格鲁吉亚苏维埃社会主义共和国的第比利斯投入批量生产。
| Suchoj Su-25 Frogfoot Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| 摄影师 | 未知 |
| 本地化 | 未知 |
| 照片 | 142 |
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Design Philosophy: Close Air Support
这 苏霍伊Su-25 was designed as a dedicated 什图尔莫维克 (Ground Attack) aircraft, born from lessons learned in WWII. Unlike fast, high-altitude interceptors, the “Frogfoot” was built to fly low and slow, loitering over the battlefield to provide direct support to ground troops. It is the Soviet counterpart to the American A-10 Thunderbolt II, prioritizing survivability, ease of maintenance in austere conditions, and massive ordnance capacity.
| Attribute | Standard Specification (Su-25 / Su-25SM) |
|---|---|
| 作用 | Close Air Support (CAS) / Ground Attack |
| 船员 | 1 Pilot |
| 装甲 | Titanium “Bathtub” (10mm to 24mm thick) |
| 主要武器装备 | 1 x 30mm GSh-30-2 twin-barrel autocannon (250 rounds) |
| Hardpoints | 11 (Capacity for 4,000 kg / 8,800 lbs of ordnance) |
| 动力装置 | 2 x Soyuz/Tumansky R-195 turbojets |
| 最高速度 | 975 km/h (Mach 0.79 / 606 mph) |
| Service Ceiling | 7,000 meters (23,000 ft) |
Survival Features: The Titanium Bathtub
- The Armored Cockpit: The pilot sits inside a 24mm thick titanium alloy welding, capable of withstanding direct hits from 23mm anti-aircraft shells. This “bathtub” design is a hallmark of Su-25 survivability.
- Engine Separation: The two turbojet engines are mounted in separate nacelles on either side of the fuselage. This physical distance ensures that a fire or explosion in one engine is unlikely to disable the other.
- Redundant Systems: The Su-25 utilizes mechanical control linkages protected by armor, ensuring the pilot can still maneuver even if hydraulic systems are compromised.
- Self-Sealing Tanks: All fuel tanks are filled with polyurethane foam to prevent explosions and are protected by 8mm steel plating.
Weaponry and Versatility
- GSh-30-2 Autocannon: Mounted in the lower fuselage, this 30mm gun fires at 3,000 rounds per minute, capable of shredding light armor and infantry positions.
- Rocket Pods: The Su-25 is most famous for its use of unguided rockets, such as the 57mm S-5, 80mm S-8, and the massive 240mm S-24.
- Precision Munitions: Modernized variants like the Su-25SM can deploy laser-guided bombs (KAB-500L) and Kh-25 air-to-surface missiles.
- The “Rook” (Grach): Russian pilots gave the aircraft this nickname because of its ability to pull heavy loads from the dirt, referring to the bird’s habit of finding food in the soil.
Combat History
The Su-25 has seen more combat than almost any other Soviet-era jet. It proved its worth in the rugged mountains of Afghanistan, where its ability to maneuver in narrow valleys was superior to faster jets. Since then, it has served in the Chechen Wars, the Syrian Civil War, and extensively in the current conflict in Ukraine, used by both sides.
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