Spijker V.2 | |
|---|---|
| 国家 | 荷兰 |
| 作用 | 双控训练机 |
| 第一只苍蝇 | 1917年3月 |
| 建立 | 78 |
这 斯皮克 V.2，有时被英国化为世爵V.2或世爵-长号V.2，是一种低功率串联座椅双翼飞机，专为荷兰政府设计和建造，用于第一次世界大战结束时的飞行员培训。建造了七十多个。
| Spijker Trompenburg V.2 Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| 摄影师 | 明德·德·弗瑞泽 |
| 本地化 | 未知 |
| 照片 | 23 |
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A Neutral Nation’s Necessity
这 斯皮克 V.2 was a primary trainer biplane designed and built by the Dutch car and aircraft manufacturer Trompenburg (Spijker) during World War I. Because the Netherlands remained neutral, it became increasingly difficult to source training aircraft from combatant nations like France or Britain. The V.2 was a response to this shortage—a simple, rugged, and stable aircraft that allowed the Dutch Aviation Group (LVA) to train their own pilots at Soesterberg.
| Attribute | Technical Specification (Spijker V.2) |
|---|---|
| 作用 | Primary Trainer / School Aircraft |
| 船员 | 2 (Student and Instructor in tandem) |
| First Flight | 1917年3月 |
| 动力装置 | 1 × Thulin (Le Rhône) rotary engine |
| Horsepower | 80 hp (60 kW) |
| 最高速度 | 138 km/h (86 mph) |
| 翼展 | 10.75 meters (35 ft 3 in) |
| 建设 | Wood with fabric covering |
Simple Design for New Pilots
- The Rotary Engine: The V.2 utilized an 80 hp Thulin engine, a Swedish-built copy of the famous French Le Rhône rotary. In these engines, the entire cylinder block spins with the propeller, which provided good cooling but created a strong gyroscopic effect that students had to learn to manage.
- Staggered Wings: The biplane featured a “staggered” wing design where the upper wing was positioned slightly forward of the lower wing. This improved the pilot’s visibility and improved the aircraft’s stall characteristics.
- Rugged Undercarriage: Designed for the rough grass fields of Soesterberg, the landing gear was a simple but strong V-strut arrangement with a common axle, capable of withstanding the frequent “heavy” landings of novice pilots.
- Dual Controls: As a dedicated trainer, it was one of the first Dutch designs to feature fully synchronized dual controls in both the front and rear cockpits, allowing the instructor to take over instantly.
The End of a Rare Breed
- Mass Production (for the time): Approximately 78 units were built, a significant number for the fledgling Dutch aviation industry of 1917–1920.
- The “Fokker” Transition: Despite its success, the Spijker V.2 was eventually phased out in the early 1920s as Anthony Fokker moved his operations to the Netherlands, bringing with him more advanced designs like the Fokker S.II.
- Automotive Connection: The aircraft was built by the same company that produced the luxury Spyker cars. The craftsmanship of the wooden airframes reflected the high standards of their automotive division.
- The Lone Survivor: Today, only one original Spijker V.2 remains in the world. It is one of the “crown jewels” of the National Military Museum (NMM) at Soesterberg, standing as a testament to the birth of Dutch military aviation.
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