Saab 37 Viggen | |
|---|---|
| Країні | Швеція |
| Роль | Штурм, винищувач, розвідка |
| Перший політ | 8 лютого 1967 |
| Побудований | 329 |
У 201 Saab 37 Viggen («Thunderbolt») — шведський одномісний одномоторний бойовий літак малої та середньої дальності. Роботи з розробки цього типу були розпочаті на заводі Saab в 1952 році, і, після вибору радикальної конфігурації дельта-крила, отриманий літак виконав свій перший політ 8 лютого 1967 року і був введений в експлуатацію 21 червня 1971 року. Viggen має честь бути першою конструкцією канарда, яка була виготовлена у великій кількості. Viggen також був найдосконалішим винищувачем у Європі до введення на озброєння Panavia Tornado у 1981 році
Джерело: Saab 37 Viggen у Вікіпедії
| SAAB AJ.37-1 prototype Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| Photographer | Vladimir Yakubov |
| Localisation | Unknow |
| Photos | 85 |
| SK 37 Viggen proto Walk Around | |
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| Фотограф | Незнай |
| Локалізацією | Незнай |
| Фото | 64 |
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| Saab 37 Viggen SKE Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| Фотограф | Незнай |
| Локалізацією | Незнай |
| Фото | 20 |
The “Roadway” Fighter
У 201 SAAB AJ 37 Viggen (Thunderbolt) was a revolutionary multi-role combat aircraft designed to fulfill Sweden’s unique “Bas 60” defense doctrine. In the event of a Soviet invasion, the Swedish Air Force planned to operate from dispersed road bases—standard highways converted into temporary runways. The Viggen was engineered for STOL (Short Take-Off and Landing) performance, allowing it to land on a 500-meter stretch of road and be refueled and rearmed by conscripts in less than 20 minutes.
| Attribute | Technical Specification (AJ 37) |
|---|---|
| Роль | Attack Fighter (Attack-Jakt) |
| команда | 1 (Pilot) |
| First Flight | February 8, 1967 |
| Силова установка | 1 × Volvo Flygmotor RM8A (Licensed Pratt & Whitney JT8D) |
| Afterburning Thrust | 115.7 kN (26,015 lbf) |
| Максимальна швидкість | Mach 2.1 (2,231 km/h at altitude) |
| Landing Speed | 220 km/h (Incredible for a Mach 2 jet) |
| Hardpoints | 7 (Up to 7,000 kg of ordnance) |
Revolutionary Aerodynamics: Canards and Reversers
- Canard Configuration: The Viggen was the first mass-produced fighter to utilize a fixed canard wing with flaps. This created extra lift at low speeds, allowing the aircraft to maintain a high angle of attack for short landings without stalling.
- Thrust Reverser: To stop on short, icy Swedish roads, the Viggen was equipped with a massive thrust reverser (similar to commercial airliners). The pilot could engage it just before touchdown, allowing the jet to stop in roughly 500 meters. It could even “back up” on its own power.
- Double Delta Wing: The main wing used a double-delta shape to provide stability at supersonic speeds while maintaining the lift needed for low-altitude attack missions.
- The RM8 Engine: Volvo Flygmotor took a civilian airliner engine (from the DC-9/727) and added a massive, Swedish-designed afterburner, creating one of the most powerful fighter engines of its era.
The Electronic Frontier
- CK37 Computer: The Viggen was the first aircraft in the world to use an integrated circuit-based central computer. This handled navigation, fire control, and fuel monitoring, allowing a single pilot to perform the work usually requiring two.
- Head-Up Display (HUD): To help pilots land on narrow roads in bad weather, the Viggen featured a sophisticated HUD that projected a “virtual runway” or landing pole for the pilot to follow.
- The “Splinter” Camouflage: Perhaps the most iconic paint scheme in aviation history, the four-color “M90” splinter pattern was designed to hide the aircraft against the Swedish forests when viewed from above by Soviet satellites or aircraft.
Варіанти
While the AJ 37 was the ground-attack version, the airframe evolved into the SF 37 (Reconnaissance), the SK 37 (Two-seat trainer), and the ultimate version, the JA 37 Jaktviggen (Interceptor), which featured a more powerful engine and a built-in 30mm Oerlikon KCA cannon.
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