Saab 37 Viggen

Saab 37 Viggen
Pays	Suède
Rôle	Attaque, chasseur, reconnaissance
Premier vol	Le 8 février 1967
Construit	329

Lla Saab 37 Viggen (« Thunderbolt ») est un avion de combat suédois monoplace, monomoteur et à courte portée à la retraite. Des travaux de développement du type ont été entrepris à Saab en 1952 et, à la suite de la sélection d’une configuration d’aile delta radicale, l’avion qui en a résulté a effectué son premier vol le 8 février 1967 et est entré en service le 21 juin 1971. Le Viggen détient la distinction d’être le premier canard design à être produit en quantité. Le Viggen était aussi l’avion de chasse le plus avancé d’Europe jusqu’à l’introduction de la Panavia Tornado en service opérationnel en 1981.

Source: Saab 37 Viggen sur Wikipedia

SAAB AJ.37-1 prototype Walk Around
Photographer	Vladimir Yakubov
Localisation	Unknow
Photos	85

SAAB AJ.37 01

SAAB AJ.37 02

SAAB AJ.37 03

SAAB AJ.37 04

SAAB AJ.37 05

SAAB AJ.37 06

SAAB AJ.37 07

SAAB AJ.37 08

SAAB AJ.37 09

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SK 37 Viggen proto Walk Around
Photographe	Inconnu
Localisation	Inconnu
Photos	64

Voir aussi :

Saab 37 Viggen SKE Walk Around
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Localisation	Inconnu
Photos	20

Lla « Roadway » Combattant

Lla SAAB AJ 37 Viggen (Thunderbolt) was a revolutionary multi-role combat aircraft designed to fulfill Sweden’s unique « Bas 60 » defense doctrine. In the event of a Soviet invasion, the Swedish Air Force planned to operate from dispersed road bases—standard highways converted into temporary runways. The Viggen was engineered for STOL (Short Take-Off and Landing) performance, allowing it to land on a 500-meter stretch of road and be refueled and rearmed by conscripts in less than 20 minutes.

Attribute	Technical Specification (AJ 37)
Rôle	Attack Fighter (Attack-Jakt)
Crew	1 (Pilot)
First Flight	February 8, 1967
Groupe motopropulseur	1 × Volvo Flygmotor RM8A (Licensed Pratt & Whitney JT8D)
Afterburning Thrust	115.7 kN (26,015 lbf)
Vitesse maximale	Mach 2.1 (2,231 km/h at altitude)
Landing Speed	220 km/h (Incredible for a Mach 2 jet)
Hardpoints	7 (Up to 7,000 kg of ordnance)

Revolutionary Aerodynamics: Canards and Reversers

Canard Configuration: The Viggen was the first mass-produced fighter to utilize a fixed canard wing with flaps. This created extra lift at low speeds, allowing the aircraft to maintain a high angle of attack for short landings without stalling.
Thrust Reverser: To stop on short, icy Swedish roads, the Viggen was equipped with a massive thrust reverser (similar to commercial airliners). The pilot could engage it just before touchdown, allowing the jet to stop in roughly 500 meters. It could even « back up » on its own power.
Double Delta Wing: The main wing used a double-delta shape to provide stability at supersonic speeds while maintaining the lift needed for low-altitude attack missions.
The RM8 Engine: Volvo Flygmotor took a civilian airliner engine (from the DC-9/727) and added a massive, Swedish-designed afterburner, creating one of the most powerful fighter engines of its era.

The Electronic Frontier

CK37 Computer: The Viggen was the first aircraft in the world to use an integrated circuit-based central computer. This handled navigation, fire control, and fuel monitoring, allowing a single pilot to perform the work usually requiring two.
Head-Up Display (HUD): To help pilots land on narrow roads in bad weather, the Viggen featured a sophisticated HUD that projected a « virtual runway » or landing pole for the pilot to follow.
Lla « Splinter » Camouflage: Perhaps the most iconic paint scheme in aviation history, the four-color « M90 » splinter pattern was designed to hide the aircraft against the Swedish forests when viewed from above by Soviet satellites or aircraft.

Variantes

While the AJ 37 was the ground-attack version, the airframe evolved into the SF 37 (Reconnaissance), the SK 37 (Two-seat trainer), and the ultimate version, the JA 37 Jaktviggen (Interceptor), which featured a more powerful engine and a built-in 30mm Oerlikon KCA cannon.