Saab 37 Viggen

Saab 37 Viggen
Χώρα	Σουηδία
Ρόλο	Επίθεση, μαχητικό, αναγνώριση
Πρώτη πτήση	8η Φεβρουαρίου 1967 αριθ.
Χτισμένο	329

Teh Σαάμπ 37 Βίγκεν ("Thunderbolt") είναι ένα συνταξιούχο σουηδικό μονοθέσιο, μονοκινητήριο, μικρής εμβέλειας μαχητικό αεροσκάφος. Οι εργασίες ανάπτυξης του τύπου ξεκίνησαν στο Saab το 1952 και, μετά την επιλογή μιας ριζικής διαμόρφωσης πτερυγίων δέλτα, το αεροσκάφος που προέκυψε εκτέλεσε την πρώτη του πτήση στις 8 Φεβρουαρίου 1967 και τέθηκε σε υπηρεσία στις 21 Ιουνίου 1971. Το Viggen κατέχει τη διάκριση ότι είναι το πρώτο σχέδιο κανάτας που παράγεται σε ποσότητα. Το Viggen ήταν επίσης το πιο προηγμένο μαχητικό αεροσκάφος στην Ευρώπη μέχρι την εισαγωγή του Ανεμοστρόβιλου panavia σε επιχειρησιακή υπηρεσία το 1981

Πηγή: Saab 37 Βίγκεν στη Βικιπαίδεια

SAAB AJ.37-1 prototype Walk Around
Photographer	Vladimir Yakubov
Localisation	Unknow
Photos	85

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Περίμενε, ψάχνοντας τον Saab 37 Viggen για σένα...

SK 37 Viggen proto Walk Around
Φωτογράφος	Αγνοώ
Εντοπισμού	Αγνοώ
Φωτογραφίες	64

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Saab 37 Viggen SKE Walk Around
Φωτογράφος	Αγνοώ
Εντοπισμού	Αγνοώ
Φωτογραφίες	20

The “Roadway” Fighter

Teh SAAB AJ 37 Viggen (Thunderbolt) was a revolutionary multi-role combat aircraft designed to fulfill Sweden’s unique “Bas 60” defense doctrine. In the event of a Soviet invasion, the Swedish Air Force planned to operate from dispersed road bases—standard highways converted into temporary runways. The Viggen was engineered for STOL (Short Take-Off and Landing) performance, allowing it to land on a 500-meter stretch of road and be refueled and rearmed by conscripts in less than 20 minutes.

Attribute	Technical Specification (AJ 37)
Ρόλο	Attack Fighter (Attack-Jakt)
Πλήρωμα	1 (Pilot)
First Flight	February 8, 1967
Πλάστης ισχύος	1 × Volvo Flygmotor RM8A (Licensed Pratt & Whitney JT8D)
Afterburning Thrust	115.7 kN (26,015 lbf)
Maximum Speed	Mach 2.1 (2,231 km/h at altitude)
Landing Speed	220 km/h (Incredible for a Mach 2 jet)
Hardpoints	7 (Up to 7,000 kg of ordnance)

Revolutionary Aerodynamics: Canards and Reversers

Canard Configuration: The Viggen was the first mass-produced fighter to utilize a fixed canard wing with flaps. This created extra lift at low speeds, allowing the aircraft to maintain a high angle of attack for short landings without stalling.
Thrust Reverser: To stop on short, icy Swedish roads, the Viggen was equipped with a massive thrust reverser (similar to commercial airliners). The pilot could engage it just before touchdown, allowing the jet to stop in roughly 500 meters. It could even “back up” on its own power.
Double Delta Wing: The main wing used a double-delta shape to provide stability at supersonic speeds while maintaining the lift needed for low-altitude attack missions.
The RM8 Engine: Volvo Flygmotor took a civilian airliner engine (from the DC-9/727) and added a massive, Swedish-designed afterburner, creating one of the most powerful fighter engines of its era.

The Electronic Frontier

CK37 Computer: The Viggen was the first aircraft in the world to use an integrated circuit-based central computer. This handled navigation, fire control, and fuel monitoring, allowing a single pilot to perform the work usually requiring two.
Head-Up Display (HUD): To help pilots land on narrow roads in bad weather, the Viggen featured a sophisticated HUD that projected a “virtual runway” or landing pole for the pilot to follow.
The “Splinter” Camouflage: Perhaps the most iconic paint scheme in aviation history, the four-color “M90” splinter pattern was designed to hide the aircraft against the Swedish forests when viewed from above by Soviet satellites or aircraft.

Παραλλαγές

While the AJ 37 was the ground-attack version, the airframe evolved into the SF 37 (Reconnaissance), the SK 37 (Two-seat trainer), and the ultimate version, the JA 37 Jaktviggen (Interceptor), which featured a more powerful engine and a built-in 30mm Oerlikon KCA cannon.