B-26 Marauder | |
|---|---|
| Країні | Сша |
| Роль | Середній бомбардувальник |
| Перша муха | 25 листопада 1940 року |
| Побудований | 5288 |
У 201 Мартін Б-26 Мародер — американський двомоторний середній бомбардувальник часів Другої світової війни, побудований компанією Glenn L. Martin Company в Міддл-Рівер, штат Меріленд (на схід від Балтімора) з 1941 по 1945 рік. Вперше використаний на Тихоокеанському театрі бойових дій на початку 1942 року, він також використовувався на Середземноморському театрі бойових дій і в Західній Європі.
Джерело: B-26 Мародер у Вікіпедії
| B-26G Marauder | |
|---|---|
| Фотограф | Незнай |
| Локалізацією | Незнай |
| Фото | 38 |
| B-26 Marauder Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| Фотограф | Незнай |
| Локалізацією | Незнай |
| Фото | 16 |
| Martin B-26 Marauder Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| Фотограф | Незнай |
| Локалізацією | Незнай |
| Фото | 83 |
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From Infamy to Excellence
У 201 Мартін Б-26 Мародер had a rocky start. Designed for extreme speed, it featured short, stubby wings that resulted in a very high wing loading. Early in its career, this led to frequent landing accidents, earning it the terrifying nickname “The Widow Maker.” However, once pilots were properly trained on its high-speed handling, the B-26 became one of the most effective bombers of the war. By 1944, it boasted the lowest combat loss rate of any American aircraft in Europe, specializing in precision strikes against Nazi rail yards and bridges.
| Attribute | Technical Specification (B-26G) |
|---|---|
| Роль | Середній бомбардувальник |
| команда | 7 (Pilot, Co-pilot, Navigator, Bombardier, 3 Gunners) |
| Engines | 2 × Pratt & Whitney R-2800-43 Double Wasps (2,000 hp each) |
| Максимальна швидкість | 454 km/h (282 mph) at 15,000 ft |
| Cruise Speed | 344 km/h (214 mph) |
| Combat Range | 1,850 km (1,150 miles) |
| Internal Bomb Load | 1,814 kg (4,000 lbs) |
| Зброя | 11 × .50 cal Browning M2 machine guns |
Design Engineering: Speed and Surface Area
- The “Flying Torpedo”: The B-26’s fuselage was a perfect cigar shape, designed to minimize drag. This made it faster than most early-war fighters, but left no room for error during take-off and landing.
- High Wing Loading: To achieve high speeds, the wings were made small. This meant the B-26 had to land at speeds of nearly 130 mph—unheard of at the time—which caught many rookie pilots off guard.
- The “Package” Guns: Later models featured four .50 cal machine guns mounted in “packages” on the sides of the fuselage. This allowed the pilot to act as a strafer, using the bomber’s speed to suppress enemy flak during low-level runs.
- Increased Wing Incidence: To help with the landing issues, engineers eventually increased the wing’s angle (incidence) and span in the B-26B and G models, which improved lift and safety without sacrificing too much speed.
Operational History: Breaking the Reich
- The “Bridge Busters”: In the lead-up to D-Day, B-26 squadrons were tasked with isolating the Normandy beachhead. They became so proficient at destroying bridges that they were nicknamed the “Bridge Busters,” cutting off German reinforcements with surgical precision.
- Battle of Midway: The B-26 saw early action in the Pacific as a torpedo bomber. During the Battle of Midway, B-26s were the first to attack the Japanese carrier fleet, flying through a wall of fire to drop their torpedoes.
- “Flak-Bait”: The most famous B-26, named Flak-Bait, survived a record **202 combat missions** over Europe. Despite returning with hundreds of holes on multiple occasions, it never failed to bring its crew home. Its fuselage is currently preserved in the Smithsonian.
- The Marauder vs. The Mitchell: While the B-25 Mitchell was easier to fly and more famous for the Doolittle Raid, the B-26 was faster and better armored, making it the preferred choice for the high-intensity air war over occupied France.
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