Intelligent Whale

Intelligent Whale
Krajiny	Spojené štáty americké
Úlohu	Ponorka
Stanovené	1863
Postavený	1

Inteligentná veľrybaExperimentálna ručne kľukatá ponorka bola postavená na dizajne Scovel Sturgis Merriam v roku 1863 Augustusom Priceom a Corneliusom Scrantonom Bushnellom. V roku 1864 bola založená Americká podmorská spoločnosť, ktorá prevzala záujmy Bushnella a Pricea a nasledovali roky súdnych sporov o vlastníctvo plavidla. Keď bol titul založený súdom, ponorka bola predaná 29. októbra 1869 na základe zmluvy, ktorú uzavreli majiteľ Oliver Halstead a tajomník námorníctva George M. Robeson ministerstvu námorníctva Spojených štátov, pričom väčšina ceny sa mala zaplatiť po úspešných súdnych procesoch. V septembri 1872 sa uskutočnil prvý proces a bol neúspešný, a preto ministerstvo odmietlo ďalšie platby a projekt opustilo.

Zdrojový: Inteligentná veľryba na Wikipédii

Intelligent Whale Submarine Walk Around
Photographer	Bill Maloney
Localisation	Navy Museum, Washington Navy Yard
Photos	27

Intelligent Whale Submarine 01

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Intelligent Whale Submarine 09

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General Characteristics and Role

The Intelligent Whale was an experimental, iron-hulled submarine developed on the design of Scovel S. Merriam, with construction starting in 1863 during the American Civil War. Its purpose was to carry out clandestine underwater missions, primarily placing explosive charges (mines) on enemy ships or clearing underwater obstacles. The vessel was unique in its reliance on entirely manual power and its method of armament delivery, which required a diver to exit the submerged craft. Although intended for the U.S. Navy, the project was plagued by ownership disputes, litigation, and ultimately failed its official trials.

Property	Typical Value (Intelligent Whale)
Úlohu	Experimental / Mine-Laying Submersible
National Origin	Spojené štáty americké
návrhár	Scovel S. Merriam
Construction Began	1863
Acquired by U.S. Navy	October 1869 (Under contingent contract)
Hull Construction	Iron (approx. 1/2 inch boiler plate)
Dĺžka	8.74 m (28 ft 8 in)
Width (Beam)	2.1 m (7 ft)
Height (Depth)	2.7 m (9 ft)
Displacement	Estimated 1.8 – 2 tons (approx. 4,000 lbs)

Operation and Propulsion

Propulsion: Hand-cranked propeller, operated manually by four crewmen turning a large crank.
Maximum Speed: Approximately 4 knots (7.4 km/h).
Crew: 6 to 13 men (6 required for operation).
Submersion: Achieved by filling water ballast compartments; water was expelled using pumps and compressed air tanks (estimated 10 hours of submerged endurance).
Armament Delivery: Through a wooden hatch in the bottom of the hull, a diver would exit in a hard hat suit to place an external mine on a target vessel, then return.

Trials and Legacy

Early Tests: Unofficial tests in 1866 were successful, including a demonstration where a diver placed a charge under a scow and blew it up.
Official Trial: The critical trial for the Navy purchase took place in 1872 at the Brooklyn Navy Yard. The trial failed due to excessive leaks from the top hatch and the submarine becoming fouled under a dock.
Navy Abandonment: Following the unsuccessful 1872 test, the Navy refused final payment and abandoned the project, judging it a failure.
Historical Significance: Despite its lack of operational success, the Intelligent Whale is a rare surviving example of early submarine technology. It is credited by some as having inspired later successful submarine pioneer John Philip Holland.
Current Status: The Intelligent Whale is preserved and displayed at the National Guard Militia Museum of New Jersey in Sea Girt, New Jersey.

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