Intelligent Whale | |
|---|---|
| 국가 | 미국 |
| 역할 | 잠수함 |
| 답니다 | 1863 |
| 내장 | 1 |
지능형 고래실험적인 손으로 크랭크 된 잠수함은 Augustus Price와 Cornelius Scranton Bushnell에 의해 1863 년 Scovel Sturgis Merriam의 디자인을 기반으로 제작되었습니다. 1864 년 미국 잠수함 회사가 설립되어 부시넬과 프라이스의 이익을 인수했으며 선박 소유권에 대한 수년간의 소송이 이어졌습니다. 법원에 의해 소유권이 확립되었을 때, 잠수함은 1869년 10월 29일 소유주 올리버 할스테드와 해군 장관 조지 M. 로베슨이 미국 해군부에 맺은 계약을 통해 매각되었으며, 대부분의 가격은 성공적인 재판 후에 지불되어야 한다. 1872 년 9 월에 첫 번째 재판이 열렸고 성공하지 못했고, 그 후 부서는 추가 지불을 거부하고 프로젝트를 포기했습니다.
소스: 위키 백과에 지능형 고래
| Intelligent Whale Submarine Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| Photographer | Bill Maloney |
| Localisation | Navy Museum, Washington Navy Yard |
| Photos | 27 |
참고 항목:
General Characteristics and Role
The Intelligent Whale was an experimental, iron-hulled submarine developed on the design of Scovel S. Merriam, with construction starting in 1863 during the American Civil War. Its purpose was to carry out clandestine underwater missions, primarily placing explosive charges (mines) on enemy ships or clearing underwater obstacles. The vessel was unique in its reliance on entirely manual power and its method of armament delivery, which required a diver to exit the submerged craft. Although intended for the U.S. Navy, the project was plagued by ownership disputes, litigation, and ultimately failed its official trials.
| Property | Typical Value (Intelligent Whale) |
|---|---|
| 역할 | Experimental / Mine-Laying Submersible |
| National Origin | 미국 |
| 디자이너 | Scovel S. Merriam |
| Construction Began | 1863 |
| Acquired by U.S. Navy | October 1869 (Under contingent contract) |
| Hull Construction | Iron (approx. 1/2 inch boiler plate) |
| 길이 | 8.74 m (28 ft 8 in) |
| Width (Beam) | 2.1 m (7 ft) |
| Height (Depth) | 2.7 m (9 ft) |
| Displacement | Estimated 1.8 – 2 tons (approx. 4,000 lbs) |
Operation and Propulsion
- Propulsion: Hand-cranked propeller, operated manually by four crewmen turning a large crank.
- Maximum Speed: Approximately 4 knots (7.4 km/h).
- Crew: 6 to 13 men (6 required for operation).
- Submersion: Achieved by filling water ballast compartments; water was expelled using pumps and compressed air tanks (estimated 10 hours of submerged endurance).
- Armament Delivery: Through a wooden hatch in the bottom of the hull, a diver would exit in a hard hat suit to place an external mine on a target vessel, then return.
Trials and Legacy
- Early Tests: Unofficial tests in 1866 were successful, including a demonstration where a diver placed a charge under a scow and blew it up.
- Official Trial: The critical trial for the Navy purchase took place in 1872 at the Brooklyn Navy Yard. The trial failed due to excessive leaks from the top hatch and the submarine becoming fouled under a dock.
- Navy Abandonment: Following the unsuccessful 1872 test, the Navy refused final payment and abandoned the project, judging it a failure.
- Historical Significance: Despite its lack of operational success, the Intelligent Whale is a rare surviving example of early submarine technology. It is credited by some as having inspired later successful submarine pioneer John Philip Holland.
- Current Status: The Intelligent Whale is preserved and displayed at the National Guard Militia Museum of New Jersey in Sea Girt, New Jersey.
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