155mm Howitzer M50 BF

155mm Howitzer M50 BF
Land	Frankrike
Rolle	Howitzer
Produsert	Unknow
Bygget	1080

Den Modell 50 155 mm haubits, også kjent som OB-155-50 BF, er en fransk 155 mm, 23-kaliber haubits. Det var den første franskdesignede artillerienheten siden andre verdenskrig, og ble tatt i bruk i 1952. Den ble erstattet i Frankrike av TRF1-kanonen, men forble i tjeneste i den franske reserven til slutten av 1990-tallet, så vel som i andre hærer.

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Operational Context and Development

Den M-50 155mm (often referred to with the suffix BF for its French Bofors-influenced heritage) was a creative Israeli solution to a lack of mobile heavy artillery. By taking the powerful French Obusier de 155 mm Modèle 50 and mounting it onto a heavily modified M4 Sherman tank chassis, the IDF created a highly capable self-propelled gun. This vehicle saw extensive combat during the War of Attrition and the Yom Kippur War, where its ability to reposition quickly proved vital in avoiding counter-battery fire.

Attribute	Standard Specification (M-50 155mm)
Rolle	Self-Propelled Howitzer (SPH)
Chassis	Modified M4 Sherman (M4A4 or M4A3)
Primary Armament	155mm Obusier Modèle 50 (L/30)
Maximum Range	Approx. 17,600 to 23,300 meters (depending on shell)
Mannskapet	8 (Commander, Driver, Gunner, 5 Loaders)
Combat Weight	31 Tonnes
Motor	Cummins VT 8-460-Bi Diesel (460 hp)
Top Speed	45 km/h (28 mph)

Design Characteristics and Firepower

The “Sherman” Modification: To balance the weight of the massive 155mm gun, the engine was moved forward to the front-right of the hull, and the rear was converted into an open-topped firing compartment.
Firepower: The Modèle 50 gun featured a large slotted muzzle brake to handle the recoil. It could fire a 43 kg (95 lb) HE shell with high lethality.
Elevation and Arc: The gun provided a high elevation range of -4° to +69°, allowing it to function both as a direct-fire weapon in emergencies and a high-angle howitzer for indirect support.
Manual Operation: Despite its size, the loading and aiming were manual, requiring a large crew of five loaders to maintain a sustained rate of fire of 2 rounds per minute.

Mobility and Combat Service

HVSS Upgrade: Most M-50s were upgraded with Horizontal Volute Spring Suspension (HVSS) and wider tracks to better manage the vehicle’s increased weight over soft desert sand.
Open-Topped Design: While the armor protected the crew from small arms and splinters from the front and sides, the open top left them vulnerable to overhead bursts and weather.
Deployment: The M-50 was the workhorse of Israeli artillery until the arrival of the fully enclosed American M109 Paladin. Even then, many remained in reserve units well into the late 1980s.