Tupolev Tu-134

Tupolev Tu-134
Šalies	Sovietų Sąjunga – Rusija
Vaidmenį	Lėktuvas
Pirmasis skristi	1963 m. liepos 29 d.
Pastatytas	854

2007 Tupolev Tu-134 (NATO pranešimo pavadinimas: "Crusty") – dviejų variklių, siauro korpuso reaktyvinis lėktuvas, pastatytas Sovietų Sąjungoje trumpo ir vidutinio nuotolio maršrutams 1966–1989 m. Originalioje versijoje buvo įstiklintos nosies dizainas ir, kaip ir kai kurie kiti Rusijos lėktuvai (įskaitant jo seserinį modelį "Tu-154"), jis gali veikti iš neasfaltuotų aerodromų.

Šaltinis: Tupolev Tu-134 Vikipedijoje

Tupolev Tu-134A Pasivaikščiokite aplink
Fotografas	Vladimiras Yakubovas
Lokalizavimo	Minsko-Borovajos oro muziejus, Baltarusija
Nuotraukos	149

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General Characteristics (Soviet Era)

The Tupolev Tu-134 is a twin-engine, short-to-medium-range jet airliner developed in the Soviet Union, originally conceived to replace the Ilyushin Il-14. The ‘A’ variant was the first major production modification, introducing improved engines and increased passenger capacity.

Property	Value (Tu-134A Variant)
Vaidmenį	Short/Medium-Haul Airliner
Gamintojas	Kharkov State Aircraft Plant / Tupolev Design Bureau
Entered Service (Tu-134A)	1970
Įgulos	3 or 4 (Pilot, Co-pilot, Flight Engineer/Navigator)
Pajėgumas	72 to 84 passengers
Ilgis	37.10 m (121 ft 8 in)
Sparnų ilgis	29.0 m (95 ft 2 in)

Design and Powerplant

Engines: Two Soloviev D-30-II or D-30-III turbofan engines.
Engine Placement: A distinctive feature, the engines are mounted in two nacelles on the sides of the rear fuselage (similar to the BAC One-Eleven or Douglas DC-9).
Thrust (D-30-II): Approx. 66.7 kN (15,000 lbf) per engine.
Cockpit: Features a glazed nose, originally intended for a navigator, a hallmark of early Soviet jet transport design (though sometimes phased out on later A models).
Wing Design: Features a swept wing with noticeable dihedral and leading-edge slats for improved low-speed handling.
Landing Gear: Equipped with low-pressure tires for operation from unprepared airfields, a common Soviet design requirement.

Performance and Variants

Maximum Cruise Speed: 900 km/h (560 mph, 486 knots).
Operational Range: Approximately 1,800 to 2,000 km (1,100 to 1,240 miles).
Service Ceiling: 12,100 m (39,700 ft).
Key Improvement (Tu-134A): Compared to the original Tu-134, the ‘A’ variant has a stretched fuselage for more seating and an improved turbofan engine. It also replaced the rear braking parachute with reverse thrust on the engines.
Noise Issues: Due to the high exhaust velocity of its early turbofan engines, the Tu-134 family was known to be extremely loud and was one of the first Soviet types to be banned from many European airports due to noise restrictions in the 1990s and 2000s.