투폴레프 Tu-134 | |
|---|---|
| 국가 | 소비에트 연방 – 러시아 |
| 역할 | 여객기 |
| 첫 번째 비행 | 1963년 7월 29일 |
| 내장 | 854 |
Tthe 투폴레프 Tu-134 (NATO 보고 이름: Crusty)는 1966년부터 1989년까지 단거리 및 중거리 노선을 위해 소련에서 제작된 쌍발 협동체 제트 여객기입니다. 원래 버전은 유약 노즈 디자인을 특징으로하며 다른 특정 러시아 여객기 (자매 모델 Tu-154 포함)와 마찬가지로 비포장 비행장에서 작동 할 수 있습니다.
| 투폴레프 Tu-134A 산책 | |
|---|---|
| 사진 작가 | 블라디미르 야쿠보프 |
| 로컬라이제이션 | 민스크-보로바야 항공 박물관, 벨라루스 |
| 사진 | 149 |
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참고 항목:
General Characteristics (Soviet Era)
The Tupolev Tu-134 is a twin-engine, short-to-medium-range jet airliner developed in the Soviet Union, originally conceived to replace the Ilyushin Il-14. The ‘A’ variant was the first major production modification, introducing improved engines and increased passenger capacity.
| Property | Value (Tu-134A Variant) |
|---|---|
| 역할 | Short/Medium-Haul Airliner |
| 제조업체 | Kharkov State Aircraft Plant / Tupolev Design Bureau |
| Entered Service (Tu-134A) | 1970 |
| 승무원 | 3 or 4 (Pilot, Co-pilot, Flight Engineer/Navigator) |
| 용량 | 72 to 84 passengers |
| 길이 | 37.10 m (121 ft 8 in) |
| 윙스 팬 | 29.0 m (95 ft 2 in) |
Design and Powerplant
- Engines: Two Soloviev D-30-II or D-30-III turbofan engines.
- Engine Placement: A distinctive feature, the engines are mounted in two nacelles on the sides of the rear fuselage (similar to the BAC One-Eleven or Douglas DC-9).
- Thrust (D-30-II): Approx. 66.7 kN (15,000 lbf) per engine.
- Cockpit: Features a glazed nose, originally intended for a navigator, a hallmark of early Soviet jet transport design (though sometimes phased out on later A models).
- Wing Design: Features a swept wing with noticeable dihedral and leading-edge slats for improved low-speed handling.
- Landing Gear: Equipped with low-pressure tires for operation from unprepared airfields, a common Soviet design requirement.
Performance and Variants
- Maximum Cruise Speed: 900 km/h (560 mph, 486 knots).
- Operational Range: Approximately 1,800 to 2,000 km (1,100 to 1,240 miles).
- Service Ceiling: 12,100 m (39,700 ft).
- Key Improvement (Tu-134A): Compared to the original Tu-134, the ‘A’ variant has a stretched fuselage for more seating and an improved turbofan engine. It also replaced the rear braking parachute with reverse thrust on the engines.
- Noise Issues: Due to the high exhaust velocity of its early turbofan engines, the Tu-134 family was known to be extremely loud and was one of the first Soviet types to be banned from many European airports due to noise restrictions in the 1990s and 2000s.
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