슈투름하우비체 42 | |
|---|---|
| 국가 | 독일 |
| 형식 | 공격 총 |
| 설명 | 앨범 48 사진 산책 주위«SturmHaubitze 42» |
SturmHaubitze 42의 사진 갤러리, 1942 년, StuG III Ausf의 변형. F는 7.5cm StuK 40 L/43 대포 대신 105mm(4.1인치) 곡사포로 설계되었습니다. 이 새로운 차량은 다음과 같이 지정되었습니다. 스tuH 42 (Sturmhaubitze 42, Sd.Kfz 142/2)는 StuG III Ausf의 증가된 숫자로 보병 지원을 제공하도록 설계되었습니다. F/8 및 Ausf. Gs는 대전차 역할에 사용됩니다. StuH 42는 10.5cm leFH 18 곡사포의 변형을 장착하여 전기적으로 발사되고 총구 브레이크가 장착되도록 개조되었습니다. 이후 모델은 StuG III Ausf에서 제작되었습니다. G 섀시 및 StuG III Ausf. F와 Ausf. F/8 섀시. 총구 브레이크는 전쟁 후반에 자원의 부족으로 인해 종종 생략되었습니다. 1942년 10월부터 1945년까지 1,211대의 StuH 42가 생산되었습니다.
참고 항목:
The “Heavy” StuG
Tthe Sturmhaubitze 42 was the brute-force sibling of the StuG III. While the standard StuG evolved into a high-velocity tank destroyer, the German infantry still needed a vehicle that could lob heavy high-explosive shells to destroy bunkers and fortified buildings. The solution was to take the StuG III chassis and replace the 7.5cm anti-tank gun with a modified 10.5cm leFH 18 howitzer. It looked nearly identical to its brother, but its short, fat barrel signaled a much bigger boom, making it the perfect tool for clearing out street corners and entrenched “Ivan” positions.
| Attribute | Technical Specification (StuH 42 Ausf. G) |
|---|---|
| 역할 | Assault Howitzer / Infantry Support |
| 승무원 | 4 (Commander, Gunner, Loader, Driver) |
| 섀시 | Panzer III (same as StuG III) |
| 주무장 | 10.5 cm StuH 42 L/28 rifled howitzer |
| Ammunition | 36 Rounds (High Explosive and HEAT) |
| 갑옷 | 80 mm (Frontal) / 30 mm (Sides) |
| 최대 속도 | 40 km/h (25 mph) on road |
| 생산 | ~1,300 units produced |
Design Engineering: Low Profile, Big Caliber
- The Howitzer Conversion: To fit the massive 10.5cm gun into the StuG’s cramped cabin, engineers had to redesign the recoil system. Early models featured a large, double-baffle muzzle brake to help manage the violent kick of the bigger shell.
- Two-Part Ammunition: Unlike the 7.5cm StuG which used single-piece shells, the StuH 42 used separate loading (projectile and then the casing with powder). This made the rate of fire slightly slower, but allowed the loader to change the “charge” to adjust the shell’s trajectory for firing over obstacles.
- Interchangeable Parts: Because it shared the chassis, engine, and transmission with the StuG III and Panzer III, maintenance in the field was remarkably easy. Parts could be scavenged from broken StuGs to keep the heavy howitzers rolling.
- Concrete Armor: It wasn’t uncommon to see StuH 42 crews add layers of beton (concrete) to the front of their vehicles. While it added weight, it helped protect against the Soviet anti-tank rifles that plagued the low-slung assault guns.
Operational History: Breaking the Stalemate
- The Siege Specialist: The StuH 42 was most effective in urban combat. During the retreat through Italy and the fighting in Normandy, one 10.5cm HE shell could collapse an entire house used by Allied snipers, whereas the 7.5cm StuG might just punch a clean hole through it.
- Anti-Tank Capability: While not its primary job, the StuH 42 carried Hollow Charge (HEAT) rounds. These could penetrate roughly 100mm of armor, meaning the “Infantry Sledgehammer” could still knock out a T-34 or a Sherman if it had to.
- The “Saukopf” Evolution: Like the late-war StuG, many StuH 42s received the cast “Pig’s Head” mantlet, which was more aerodynamic and better at deflecting enemy shells than the original boxy design.
- Rare Survival: Only a few StuH 42s survived the war. Because they were usually at the very front of an assault, their attrition rate was high, but their contribution to keeping German infantry from being pinned down was immeasurable.
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