Tupolev Tu-134

Tupolev Tu-134
Země	Sovětský svaz – Rusko
Roli	Letadlo
První moucha	29. červenec 1963
Postaven	854

Tá Tupolev Tu-134 (kódové označení NATO: Crusty) je dvoumotorové úzkotrupá proudové dopravní letadlo vyráběné v Sovětském svazu pro krátké a střední vzdálenosti v letech 1966 až 1989. Původní verze měla konstrukci s prosklenou přídí a stejně jako některá další ruská dopravní letadla (včetně sesterského modelu Tu-154) mohla operovat z nezpevněných letišť.

Zdroj: Tupolev Tu-134 na Wikipedii

Tupolev Tu-134A Procházka Kolem
Fotograf	Vladimir Jakubov
Lokalizace	Letecké muzeum Minsk-Borovaja v Bělorusku
Fotografie	149

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General Characteristics (Soviet Era)

The Tupolev Tu-134 is a twin-engine, short-to-medium-range jet airliner developed in the Soviet Union, originally conceived to replace the Ilyushin Il-14. The ‘A’ variant was the first major production modification, introducing improved engines and increased passenger capacity.

Property	Value (Tu-134A Variant)
Roli	Short/Medium-Haul Airliner
Výrobce	Kharkov State Aircraft Plant / Tupolev Design Bureau
Entered Service (Tu-134A)	1970
Posádky	3 or 4 (Pilot, Co-pilot, Flight Engineer/Navigator)
Kapacita	72 to 84 passengers
Délka	37.10 m (121 ft 8 in)
Rozpětí křídel	29.0 m (95 ft 2 in)

Design and Powerplant

Engines: Two Soloviev D-30-II or D-30-III turbofan engines.
Engine Placement: A distinctive feature, the engines are mounted in two nacelles on the sides of the rear fuselage (similar to the BAC One-Eleven or Douglas DC-9).
Thrust (D-30-II): Approx. 66.7 kN (15,000 lbf) per engine.
Cockpit: Features a glazed nose, originally intended for a navigator, a hallmark of early Soviet jet transport design (though sometimes phased out on later A models).
Wing Design: Features a swept wing with noticeable dihedral and leading-edge slats for improved low-speed handling.
Landing Gear: Equipped with low-pressure tires for operation from unprepared airfields, a common Soviet design requirement.

Performance and Variants

Maximum Cruise Speed: 900 km/h (560 mph, 486 knots).
Operational Range: Approximately 1,800 to 2,000 km (1,100 to 1,240 miles).
Service Ceiling: 12,100 m (39,700 ft).
Key Improvement (Tu-134A): Compared to the original Tu-134, the ‘A’ variant has a stretched fuselage for more seating and an improved turbofan engine. It also replaced the rear braking parachute with reverse thrust on the engines.
Noise Issues: Due to the high exhaust velocity of its early turbofan engines, the Tu-134 family was known to be extremely loud and was one of the first Soviet types to be banned from many European airports due to noise restrictions in the 1990s and 2000s.

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