Douglas DC-6

Douglas DC-6
Країні	Сша
Роль	Авіалайнер/транспортний літак
Перший політ	15 лютого 1946 р.
Побудований	704

Douglas DC-6 — поршневий авіалайнер і вантажний літак, що будувався компанією Douglas Aircraft Company з 1946 по 1958 рік. Спочатку задуманий як військовий транспорт наприкінці Другої світової війни, Дуглас переробив його після війни, щоб конкурувати з Lockheed Constellation на ринку комерційних перевезень на далекі відстані. Douglas побудував понад 700 літаків, і багато з них все ще літають у вантажних, військових та ролях боротьби з лісовими пожежами.

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Douglas VC-118 Independence Walk Around
Фотографів	Володимир Якубов
Локалізацією	Національний музей ВПС США, Дейтон, Огайо
Фото	160

Douglas VC-118 Independence 01

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Douglas VC-118 Independence 09

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The Evolution of a Legend

У 201 Douglas DC-6 was originally designed during World War II as the XC-112, a military transport aimed at improving upon the DC-4 (C-54). When the war ended, Douglas re-engineered it into a long-range civilian airliner to compete with the Lockheed Constellation. Its greatest advantage was a fully pressurized cabin, allowing it to fly above the weather for greater passenger comfort. The DC-6 became the backbone of the great post-war airline expansion, famously used by Pan Am, United, and American Airlines for transcontinental and transoceanic flights.

Attribute	Standard Specification (Douglas DC-6B)
Роль	Long-range Airliner / Military Transport (C-118)
команда	3 or 4 (Pilot, Co-pilot, Flight Engineer, Navigator)
Capacity	54 to 102 passengers (depending on configuration)
Силова установка	4 x Pratt & Whitney R-2800 Double Wasp radials
Horsepower	2,400 hp to 2,500 hp per engine
Cruising Speed	507 km/h (315 mph / 274 knots)
Maximum Range	approx. 7,600 km (4,100 nmi)
Service Ceiling	7,600 meters (25,000 ft)

Technological Advancements

The R-2800 “Double Wasp”: The DC-6 utilized the 18-cylinder R-2800 engine, widely considered one of the finest radial engines ever built. It was the same engine that powered legendary warbirds like the P-47 Thunderbolt and F4U Corsair.
Reversible Pitch Propellers: The DC-6 was one of the first airliners to feature “reverse thrust” by changing the pitch of its propellers. This allowed the aircraft to land on shorter, wet runways and even back up on the ground under its own power.
Environmental Control: Sophisticated cabin pressurization and air conditioning systems meant that for the first time, “flying through a storm” could be avoided by simply flying over it at 20,000 feet.
DC-6A & B Variants: У 201 DC-6A “Liftmaster” was a dedicated freighter with large cargo doors, while the DC-6B was the ultimate passenger version, elongated and refined for maximum efficiency.

Military and Presidential Service

The C-118 Liftmaster: The US Air Force and Navy operated large fleets of DC-6s for logistics and medical evacuations. It proved to be an incredibly reliable workhorse through the Korean War and the early Cold War.
Independence: A specialized VC-118, named The Independence, served as the presidential aircraft for Harry S. Truman. It featured a distinctive eagle-themed paint job.
Air Force One: While the “Air Force One” callsign was officially established later, the DC-6 was a primary transport for several US presidents and high-ranking diplomats.

Historical Impact & Modern Day

The Jet Age Transition: The DC-6 was so efficient and reliable that it continued to serve many airlines well into the 1960s, long after the first jets like the Boeing 707 arrived.
Firefighters and Freighters: Today, the DC-6 enjoys a legendary second career. Its high payload and low-speed stability make it an excellent aerial firefighter (water bomber) and a rugged cargo hauler for remote areas like Alaska.