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Komisia Sikorsky H-19 Chickasaw (later designated UH-19 in the U.S. Army and HO4S or **H-34** variants in other services) was a widely used utility helicopter developed by Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation. While the UH-19D designation specifically refers to a late model used by the U.S. Army, the aircraft is fundamentally the same successful S-55 design. It was a pioneering aircraft, being the **first purpose-built transport helicopter** for the U.S. military.

Development and Purpose

• Pôvod: The Sikorsky S-55 first flew in 1949 and was a major advancement over earlier helicopter designs. It solved the complex engineering problem of separating the engine from the main cabin to allow for a large, usable cargo space.
• Engine Placement: Its most distinctive feature was the **engine mounted in the nose** of the fuselage, allowing the entire fuselage cabin to be used for cargo or passengers. A long drive shaft ran up and back to the main rotor.
• Rola: The H-19 was primarily designed for **transport, utility, and anti-submarine warfare (ASW)** roles. It was instrumental in demonstrating the helicopter’s viability as a tactical transport during the Korean War.
• UH-19D: This specific designation was a later U.S. Army version of the S-55 that featured an upgraded engine (the more powerful R-1340-40) and other minor improvements over earlier models (H-19A, B, C).

Key Features and Specifications (Typical S-55/UH-19)

• Rotor System: Single main rotor and a tail rotor. The main rotor was often a three-bladed articulated system.
• Motor: Typically powered by a single **Wright R-1300 or Pratt & Whitney R-1340 Wasp radial piston engine** (around 600 to 800 hp, depending on the variant).
• Kapacita:
  • Crew: 2 (Pilot and Co-pilot/Engineer).
  • Troops/Passengers: The main cabin was large enough to accommodate **10 to 12 fully equipped troops** or six stretcher cases.
  • Cargo: Up to 3,000 lbs (1,360 kg) of internal or external cargo.
• Operational Performance (General):
  • Cruising Speed: Around 90-100 mph (145-160 km/h).
  • Range: Approximately 400 miles (644 km).
  • Service Ceiling: Roughly 10,000 feet (3,000 m).

Operational History and Legacy

• Korean War: The H-19 (then designated H-19 Chickasaw) proved its value during the Korean War, demonstrating the capability of helicopters to perform troop movements, casualty evacuation (CASEVAC), and cargo resupply in battlefield conditions.
• Widespread Use: The S-55 and its variants were used by the armed forces of over 20 nations, making it one of the most successful early military helicopters.
• Longevity: The design’s success led to the development of the more powerful and enduring **Sikorsky H-34 Choctaw (S-58)**, which used the same basic layout but with a larger engine and airframe.
• Civilian Use: The S-55 was also one of the first helicopters to be widely used in civilian roles, particularly for short-haul passenger transport and offshore oil rig support.

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