Vojenské lietadlá | |
|---|---|
| Krajiny | Italia |
| Typ | Bombardér |
| Model | SM-79 |
| Tému | Album 53 fotografie lietadla Savoia Marchetti SM-79 |
Savoia-Marchetti SM.79 Sparviero (taliansky "Sparrowhawk") bol taliansky trojmotorový stredný bombardér s drevenou a kovovou konštrukciou. V rokoch 1937-39 bol pôvodne navrhnutý ako rýchle osobné lietadlo, tento nízkokrídlový monoplán, vytvoril 26 svetových rekordov, ktoré ho nejaký čas kvalifikovali ako najrýchlejší stredný bombardér na svete.
Prvýkrát videl akciu počas španielskej občianskej vojny a lietal na všetkých frontoch, na ktorých bolo Taliansko zapojené počas druhej svetovej vojny. Stal sa slávnym a dosiahol mnoho úspechov ako torpédový bombardér v stredomorskom divadle. SM.79 bolo vynikajúce lietadlo a bolo určite najznámejším talianskym lietadlom druhej svetovej vojny. Bol ľahko rozpoznateľný vďaka svojmu výraznému trupu dorzálny "hrb" a bol veľmi obľúbený jeho posádkami, ktorí ho prezývali Gobbo Maledetto ("prekliaty hunchback"). Bol to najrozšírenejší taliansky bombardér druhej svetovej vojny s približne 1300 postavenými, ktorý zostal v talianskej službe až do roku 1952.Zdrojový: SM-79 na Wikipédii
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The Savoia-Marchetti SM.79 Sparviero was a famous Italian three-engined medium bomber and torpedo bomber that became arguably the best-known Italian aircraft of World War II. Initially designed as a fast, eight-passenger transport in the early 1930s, its excellent performance led to its adoption by the *Regia Aeronautica* (Italian Royal Air Force) for military service.
Design and Nickname
The SM.79 was a cantilever low-wing monoplane. Its construction was a combination of wood and metal, with a fuselage featuring a distinctive dorsal “hump” housing the fixed forward-firing machine gun and the dorsal gunner’s position. This unique silhouette earned it the crew nickname *il gobbo maledetto* (“damned hunchback”).
- Configuration: Trimotor (three engines), with one engine in the nose and one on each wing.
- Konštrukcia: Welded tubular steel fuselage frame, covered with a mix of duralumin, plywood, and fabric. All-wood wings.
- Crew: Typically 5 or 6 (pilot, co-pilot, flight engineer/gunner, radio operator, bombardier, rear gunner).
- Powerplant: Various radial engines, commonly three Alfa Romeo 126 RC.34 engines, each producing around 780 hp.
- Performance: Early versions set 26 world records between 1937 and 1939, giving it a reputation as one of the fastest medium bombers in the world at the time. Max speed was around 430 km/h.
Wartime Role
The SM.79 first saw combat during the Spanish Civil War and became the backbone of Italy’s bomber force at the start of World War II. It was the most numerous Italian bomber produced during the conflict, with over 1,300 units built.
- Medium Bomber: Used for conventional bombing on multiple fronts, including the Mediterranean, North Africa, and the Eastern Front. It carried an internal bomb load of up to 1,250 kg.
- Torpedo Bomber: In its most successful role, the SM.79-II variant was adapted to carry one or two external torpedoes (450 mm naval torpedoes) and achieved notable success attacking Allied shipping in the Mediterranean. These crews were highly celebrated in Italy.
- Výzbroj: Defensive weaponry typically included three to four machine guns: a fixed forward-firing 12.7 mm machine gun in the dorsal hump, one flexible 12.7 mm gun in the dorsal position, and a flexible 12.7 mm gun in the ventral “gondola” (a retractable belly position).
The type remained in Italian service until 1952.
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