Archiwa autora: SdKfz.000

Tthe Katiusza multiple rocket launcher (Russian: Катю́ша; IPA: [kɐˈtʲuʂə] (About this sound listen)) is a type of rocket artillery first built and fielded by the Soviet Union in World War II. Multiple rocket launchers such as these deliver explosives to a target area more quickly than conventional artillery, but with lower accuracy and requiring a longer time to reload. They are fragile compared to artillery guns, but are inexpensive, easy to produce, and usable on any chassis. The Katyushas of World War II, the first self-propelled artillery mass-produced by the Soviet Union, were usually mounted on ordinary trucks. This mobility gave the Katyusha, and other self-propelled artillery, another advantage: being able to deliver a large blow all at once, and then move before being located and attacked with counter-battery fire. Katyusha weapons of World War II included the BM-13 launcher, light BM-8, and heavy BM-31. Today, the nickname is also applied to newer truck-mounted post-Soviet – in addition to non-Soviet – multiple rocket launchers, notably the common BM-21 Grad and its derivatives.

Źródła: BM-13 na ZiL-157 na Wiki

Tthe BM-30 Smerch (rosyjski: Смерч, "whirlwind"), 9K58 Smerch lub 9A52-2 Smerch-M to radziecki ciężki wyrzutnia wielu rakiet. System jest przeznaczony do pokonania personelu, opancerzonych i miękkich celów w obszarach koncentracji, baterii artyleryjskich, stanowisk dowodzenia i magazynów amunicji. Został stworzony na początku 1980 roku i wszedł do służby w armii radzieckiej w 1989 roku. Kiedy po raz pierwszy zaobserwowano przez Zachód w 1983 roku, otrzymał kod MRL 280mm M1983. Oczekuje się, że zostanie zastąpiony przez 9A52-4 Tornado

Źródła: BM-30 Smerch na Wiki