Avro 504

Avro 504
Land	UJ
Role	Trainer, Vechter, Bommenwerper
Eerste vlucht	van 18 september 1913
Gebouwd	11303

De Avro 504 was een tweedekkervliegtuig uit de Eerste Wereldoorlog, gemaakt door het avro-vliegtuigbedrijf en onder licentie van anderen. De productie tijdens de oorlog bedroeg 8.970 en duurde bijna 20 jaar, waardoor het het meest geproduceerde vliegtuig van welke aard dan ook was dat tijdens de Eerste Wereldoorlog in militaire hoedanigheid diende. Meer dan 10.000 werden gebouwd vanaf 1913 tot het einde van de productie in 1932.

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Avro 504 K Walk Around
Fotograaf	Onbewust
Lokalisatie	Onbewust
Foto 's	36

Avro 504 K 1

Avro 504 K 2

Avro 504 K 3

Avro 504 K 4

Avro 504 K 5

Avro 504 K 6

Avro 504 K 7

Avro 504 K 8

Avro 504 K 9

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General Characteristics

The Avro 504 is one of the most famous and longest-serving aircraft in British aviation history. First flown in 1913, the Avro 504K became the definitive production variant, introduced during World War I primarily as the standard military trainer for the Royal Flying Corps (RFC) and Royal Naval Air Service (RNAS). The ‘K’ designation signifies its unique universal engine mount, which allowed it to be fitted with various types of rotary engines (like the Le Rhône, Clerget, or Gnome Monosoupape) to cope with wartime engine shortages. Over 8,000 were built during the war, and it continued to serve as the RAF’s primary trainer well into the 1920s, with surplus models used globally for joyriding and civilian training for decades.

Property	Typical Value (Avro 504K with Le Rhône 9J)
Role	Primary and Advanced Trainer, Home Defence Fighter
National Origin	Verenigd Koninkrijk
Fabrikant	A.V. Roe and Company (Avro) and 18 subcontractors
Production Years	1913–1932 (K variant from 1917)
No. Built (Total 504)	Over 11,000 (including overseas license production)
Bemanning	2 (Pilot and Student/Observer)
Lengte	8.97 m (29 ft 5 in)
Spanwijdte	10.97 m (36 ft 0 in)
Max Takeoff Weight	830 kg (1,829 lb)

Powerplant and Performance

Engine: 1 x Le Rhône 9J 9-cylinder air-cooled rotary engine (common fitment).
Power Output: 82 kW (110 hp).
Propeller: 2-bladed fixed-pitch wooden propeller.
Maximum Speed: 153 km/h (95 mph).
Cruise Speed: 121 km/h (75 mph).
Range: 402 km (250 mi).
Service Ceiling: 4,877 m (16,000 ft).
Handling Note: The powerful rotary engine’s gyroscopic effect significantly influenced handling, particularly in turns, making it a demanding but excellent advanced trainer.

Armament and Roles

Primary Role: Standardized training, often utilizing the Gosport System of systematic flying instruction developed by Major Robert Smith-Barry.
Wartime Fighter Role: Converted single-seater versions (sometimes called the “Comic” fighter) were used for Home Defence against German Zeppelin and Gotha raids.
- Armament (Fighter): 1 x 7.7 mm (.303 in) Lewis machine gun mounted above the upper wing on a Foster mounting, allowing the pilot to fire upwards and reload easily.
Post-War Use: Became immensely popular on the civilian market for barnstorming, aerial advertising, and joyriding, often modified to carry two passengers in the front cockpit.

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