T-80 – ウォークアラウンド

T-80B Walk Around
カメラマン	知りません
ローカライズ	知りません
写真	180

T-80B ウォークアラウンド
カメラマン	A.ピューリン、A.ティホノフ
場所	知りません
写真	40

T-80B Walk Around
カメラマン	ウラジーミル・ヤクボフ
ローカライズ	ザスラヴリ「スターリンライン」博物館
写真	43

T-80U Walk Around
カメラマン	Юрий Пашолок
ローカライズ	知りません
写真	340

関連項目:

The T-80 is a formidable **third-generation Main Battle Tank** of Soviet origin, first entering service in 1976. It holds the distinction of being the **world’s first production tank to be powered primarily by a gas turbine engine**, a feature that grants it exceptional acceleration and high top speed, especially in comparison to its contemporaries. The T-80 was developed from the T-64 and was intended to be a highly mobile, premium tank, contrasting with the mechanically simpler, mass-produced T-72.

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Propulsion: The Gas Turbine

The T-80’s defining characteristic is its power source, the **GTD-1000T** series gas turbine engine, later upgraded to the more powerful **GTD-1250** in the T-80U variant. This engine technology provides several advantages but also carries drawbacks:

• High Mobility: The high power-to-weight ratio allows for rapid acceleration and a top road speed of up to 70 km/h.
• Engine Noise: The turbine runs significantly quieter than a diesel engine at speed, but it has a very high-pitched, distinctive whine.
• Drawbacks: The gas turbine is known for **extremely high fuel consumption**, particularly at idle, and is mechanically more complex and costly to maintain than traditional diesel engines.

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Firepower and Autoloader

The tank’s offensive capability is centered around its large-caliber gun and missile system, operated by a small, three-person crew (Commander, Gunner, Driver) thanks to its mechanical loader.

• Main Gun: A smoothbore 125 mm 2A46 series cannon, capable of firing a wide range of ammunition, including APFSDS (armor-piercing fin-stabilized discarding sabot) and HEAT (high-explosive anti-tank) rounds.
• Gun-Launched Missile System: The main gun can fire **Anti-Tank Guided Missiles (ATGMs)**, such as the **9M119 Refleks** (NATO designation AT-11 Sniper), which significantly extends the tank’s effective range against armored targets.
• Automatic Loader: ザ autoloader system stores ammunition in a rotating carousel beneath the turret, allowing for a high rate of fire without a dedicated loader.
• Secondary Armament: Typically includes a 7.62 mm coaxial machine gun and a 12.7 mm anti-aircraft machine gun.

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Armor and Protection

Protection levels have been continually enhanced, moving from standard composite armor to advanced Explosive Reactive Armor (ERA) packages.

• Composite Armor: The hull and turret feature **laminate composite armor** for protection against various anti-tank threats.
• Explosive Reactive Armor (ERA): Modern variants, notably the **T-80U** and later models, are covered with **Kontakt-5 ERA**. This second-generation ERA is highly integrated and designed to defeat both chemical energy and kinetic energy penetrators. The latest **T-80BVM** variant utilizes the even newer **Relikt ERA**.
• NBC Protection: Standard equipment includes an **overpressure NBC (Nuclear, Biological, Chemical) protection system** for crew survival in contaminated environments.

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Key Variants

• T-80B: Introduced improved composite armor and the ability to fire the Kobra ATGM.
• T-80U: A major modernization with the 1,250 hp GTD-1250 engine, new turret, advanced fire control, and Kontakt-5 ERA.
• T-80UD: A Ukrainian variant that replaced the gas turbine with a **diesel engine** (the 6TD two-stroke diesel), addressing the turbine’s logistical issues.
• T-80BVM: The latest Russian upgrade package for existing T-80BVs, incorporating the **Relikt ERA** and a modernized fire control system.

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