Martin B-57 Canberra

Martin B-57 Canberra
Pays	Usa
Rôle	Bombardier tactique
Premier vol	Le 20 juillet 1953
Construit	403

Lla Martin B-57 Canberra est un bombardier tactique et un avion de reconnaissance twinjet de construction américaine qui est entré en service avec l’USAF en 1953. Le B-57 est une version sous licence de la British English Electric Canberra, fabriquée par la Glenn L. Martin Company. Les modèles initiaux de construction Martin étaient très similaires à leurs homologues construits en Grande-Britannique; Martin a ensuite modifié la conception pour incorporer de plus grandes quantités de composants d’origine américaine et a produit l’avion dans plusieurs variantes différentes.

Source: Martin B-57 Canberra sur Wikipedia

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Martin EB-57B Canberra Walk Around
Photographe	Vladimir Yakubov
Localisation	Musée de l’air de champ de mars
Photos	81

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Martin EB-57B Canberra 09

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Martin EB-57E Canberra Walk Around
Photographe	Randy Ray
Localisation	Wings Over The Rockies Air and Space Museum
Photos	21

Martin EB-57E Canberra 01

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Martin EB-57E Canberra 08

Martin EB-57E Canberra 09

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Martin EB-57E-MA Night Intruder
Photographe	Vladimir Yakubov
Localisation	Musée du Château AFB
Photos	209

Martin EB-57E-MA Intrus de nuit

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Martin RB-57 Canberra Walk Around
Photographe	Bill Maloney
Localisation	Inconnu
Photos	21

Martin RB-57 Canberra 01

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B-57A Canberra Walk Around
Photographes	Michael Benolkin, Ron Dobrzelecki, Martin Sagara
Localisation	Inconnu
Photos	32

B-57A Canberra 01

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WB-57F Canberra Walk Around
Photographe	Fotios Rouch
Localisation	Inconnu
Photos	42

B-57A Canberra 01

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A British thoroughbred with American muscles

Lla Martin B-57 Canberra was a rare example of a British aircraft design (the English Electric Canberra) being licensed and mass-produced in the United States. While it excelled as a tactical bomber and « night intruder, » Lla EB-57B was a specialized electronic warfare (EW) conversion. These aircraft were packed with jammers and sensors, used primarily to train air defense crews by simulating enemy electronic attacks—blinding radars and disrupting communications to keep the « defenders » sharp.

Attribute	Technical Specification (EB-57B)
Rôle	Electronic Warfare / Aggressor Trainer
Crew	2 (Pilot and Electronic Warfare Officer / EWO)
First Flight (B-57A)	July 20, 1953
Groupe motopropulseur	2 × Wright J65-W-5 turbojets
Thrust	7,220 lbf (32.1 kN) per engine
Vitesse maximale	580 mph (930 km/h)
Range	2,700 miles (4,345 km)
Special Equipment	Internal jammers, chaff dispensers, and wing-mounted ECM pods

Design Features: The Art of Jamming

Lla « Tandem » Cockpit: Unlike the original British version where the navigator sat in a dark hole in the fuselage, Martin redesigned the B-57B with a fighter-style tandem cockpit under a long, continuous canopy. This gave the Electronic Warfare Officer (EWO) better situational awareness.
Rotary Bomb Bay: The B-57 featured a unique rotary bomb bay door. On the EB-57B, instead of bombs, this bay often housed massive internal electronic jamming suites and cooling systems for the high-powered vacuum tubes of the era.
Wing-Mounted ECM Pods: To expand its frequency coverage, the EB-57B frequently carried specialized Electronic Countermeasures (ECM) pods on its underwing pylons, allowing it to simulate a wide variety of Soviet radar-interference signatures.
Wright J65 Engines: The US versions swapped the British Rolls-Royce Avons for the Wright J65 (a licensed Armstrong Siddeley Sapphire). These provided excellent low-altitude performance, essential for the B-57’s original mission as a « night intruder. »

Cold War Service & The « Aggressors »

Electronic Aggressor Squadrons: The EB-57B was the backbone of the 17th and 19th Defense Systems Evaluation Squadrons. They flew against US and NATO radar sites to find « holes » in the defense network and train operators to « burn through » enemy jamming.
Vietnam Service: While the EB-57B was a trainer, its bomber brother, the B-57B, was a legend in Vietnam, notably during the « Patricia Lynn » reconnaissance missions and as the first US jet bomber to be deployed to the conflict.
Longevity: The Canberra airframe was so robust that some highly modified versions (WB-57F) are still flying today for NASA, used for high-altitude atmospheric research and satellite sensor testing.
Lla « Whistling Wheelbarrow »: Ground crews gave the Canberra this nickname due to the high-pitched whine of its engines at idle and its tricycle landing gear configuration.