USS Severní Karolína BB-55

USS North Carolina (BB-55)

ZeměSPOJENÉ STÁTY
TřídaBitevní loď třídy Severní Karolína
Zahájila13. června 1940
Vyřazení27. června 1947

USS Severní Karolína (BB-55) je hlavní loď bitevních lodí třídy Severní Karolína a čtvrtá válečná loď amerického námořnictva, která byla pojmenována po státu Severní Karolína. Byla to první nově postavená americká bitevní loď, která vstoupila do služby během druhé světové války a zúčastnila se každé velké námořní ofenzívy v Pacifickém operačním divadle; Jejích 15 bitevních hvězd z ní udělalo nejvíce zdobenou americkou bitevní loď druhé světové války.

Zdroj: USS Severní Karolína na Wikipedii

USS North Carolina BB-55 Walk Around
PhotographerVladimir Yakubov
LocalisationWilmington, NC
Photos517
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Viz také:

Druhá světová válka: Definitivní vizuální historie od Blitzkriegu po atomovou bombu (DK Definitive Visual Histories) - Amazon Druhá světová válka Mapa podle mapy (DK History Map by Map) - Amazon

USS North Carolina (BB-55): Od bojů druhé světové války k muzejní lodi (Legends of Warfare: Naval, 4) - Amazonka


General Characteristics and Role

The Boeing X-36 Tailless Fighter Agility Research Aircraft was an experimental subscale jet developed by McDonnell Douglas (later Boeing) for NASA and the US Air Force in the mid-1990s. Its primary role was to test the feasibility of a fighter aircraft design that lacked the traditional vertical and horizontal tail surfaces. The X-36 was intended to explore how a tailless configuration could enhance stealth (by reducing radar cross-section) and improve maneuverability, particularly at high angles of attack, compared to conventional fighter jets. It was flown remotely by a pilot in a ground station due to its small size and lack of a cockpit.

Property Typical Value (X-36)
Roli Experimental Aircraft (Agility and Stealth Research)
National Origin Spojené státy americké
Výrobce McDonnell Douglas / Boeing
First Flight 17 May 1996
Pilot/Control Unmanned, remotely controlled from a ground cockpit.
Délka 5.77 m (18 ft 11 in)
Rozpětí křídel 3.17 m (10 ft 5 in)
Výška 0.95 m (3 ft 1 in)
Max Takeoff Weight 567 kg (1,250 lb)

Powerplant and Flight Controls

  • Engine: 1 x Williams International F112 turbofan engine.
  • Thrust: Approx. 3.1 kN (700 lbf).
  • Top Speed: Estimated at 370 km/h (230 mph).
  • Flight Control System: Required a highly advanced Digital Fly-By-Wire (DFBW) system to maintain stability, as the aircraft was inherently unstable without tail surfaces.
  • Control Surfaces: Yaw and pitch control were achieved using canards (foreplanes) and a combination of split ailerons (flaperons) and a **thrust-vectoring nozzle** on the engine.

Program Outcome and Legacy

  • Test Program: The X-36 completed a highly successful test program, demonstrating excellent maneuverability with its tailless design. It achieved a total of 31 flights, logging 15 hours of air time.
  • Success Metric: The program demonstrated that a tailless fighter design could achieve up to a 40% increase in cruising lift and a significant improvement in agility over conventional designs.
  • Influence: Although the X-36 never led directly to a production aircraft, its successful demonstration of control and stability heavily influenced subsequent low-observable (stealth) aircraft design and DFBW control systems, including possible future unmanned combat air vehicles (UCAVs).
  • Preservation: Both X-36 prototypes are now preserved: one is at the National Museum of the United States Air Force in Ohio, and the other is at the NASA Dryden Flight Research Center (now Armstrong) in California.

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