装甲车 35 （t） | |
|---|---|
| 国家 | 德国 |
| 类型 | 中型坦克 |
| 产生 | 1936–1940 |
| 建立 | 434 |
潘泽坎普夫瓦根35（t），通常缩短为装甲35（t）或缩写为Pz.Kpfw.35（t），是捷克斯洛伐克设计的轻型坦克，主要用于纳粹德国在第二次世界大战期间。这封信（t）代表切奇施（德语："捷克语"）。在捷克斯洛伐克服务，它有正式名称Lehké坦克vzor 35（轻型坦克模型35），但通常被称为LT vz。35 或 LT-35。建造了四百三十四座：其中，德国人在1939年3月占领波希米亚-莫拉维亚时占领了二百四十四人，斯洛伐克人同时宣布脱离捷克斯洛伐克独立，获得五十二人。其他出口到保加利亚和罗马尼亚。在德国服役期间，它见证了第二次世界大战初期的战斗，特别是波兰的入侵、法国战役和苏联的入侵，然后于1942年退役或出售。在战争的剩余时间里，它被其他国家用作保加利亚的训练坦克，一直使用到20世纪50年代。
| Panzer 35(t) | |
|---|---|
| 摄影师 | 德米特里·基亚特金 |
| 本地化 | 未知 |
| 照片 | 15 |
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The “Acquired” Light Tank
这 装甲车 35 （t） was not originally a German design. It was the LT vz. 35, the backbone of the Czechoslovakian Army’s armored forces before the 1939 occupation. The “(t)” in its name stands for 切奇施 (German for Czech). When Germany annexed Czechoslovakia, they inherited nearly 250 of these tanks. Impressed by their reliability and advanced features, the Wehrmacht integrated them into their Panzer Divisions. It was a sophisticated machine for the mid-1930s, featuring revolutionary (if complex) pneumatic systems that made it surprisingly easy to drive.
| Attribute | Technical Specification [Panzer 35(t)] |
|---|---|
| 作用 | 轻型坦克 |
| 船员 | 4 (Commander/Gunner, Loader, Driver, Radio Op) |
| 发动机 | Škoda T-11/0 6-cylinder petrol (120 hp) |
| 最高速度 | 34 km/h (21 mph) |
| 主要武器装备 | 3.7 cm KwK 34(t) L/40 (Škoda vz. 34) |
| 次要武器 | 2 × 7.92 mm MG 37(t) machine guns |
| Armor Thickness | 8mm to 25mm (riveted) |
| 中文 | Leaf spring with 8 small road wheels per side |
Design Engineering: The Pneumatic Pioneer
- Pneumatic Steering and Shifting: The LT vz. 35 was ahead of its time, using compressed air to assist the steering and gear shifting. This reduced driver fatigue significantly, allowing the tank to travel long distances without exhausting the crew. However, these systems were prone to freezing in the harsh Russian winter.
- Riveted Construction: Unlike later tanks that were welded, the 35(t) was held together by rivets. While easier to manufacture at the time, this was a hazard; a non-penetrating hit from a large shell could cause the rivets to pop off inside the tank like shrapnel, injuring the crew.
- Dual-Purpose Machine Gun: The bow-mounted machine gun could be operated by the radio operator or locked in place for the driver to fire via a cable, a quirky design feature typical of pre-war Czech engineering.
- Superior Optics: The Czech optics were considered some of the best in the world at the time, giving 35(t) commanders a distinct advantage in spotting and engaging targets at distance compared to early Soviet tanks.
Combat History: From Paris to the Gates of Moscow
- Blitzkrieg Workhorse: The 35(t) was a vital part of the 6th Panzer Division during the invasion of Poland (1939) and the Fall of France (1940). Its 37mm gun was effective against most light and medium tanks of that period.
- Operation Barbarossa: By June 1941, the 35(t) was becoming obsolete. While it performed well in the initial stages of the invasion of the USSR, it struggled against the T-34. More importantly, the extreme cold caused its pneumatic lines to brittle and crack, rendering the tanks immobile.
- Retirement and Conversion: By 1942, most 35(t) tanks were withdrawn from front-line service. Many were converted into Mörserzugmittel 35(t) (artillery tractors) or used for security duties in occupied territories.
- The Romanian “R-2”: Romania was a major user of the type, designating it the R-2. They used them extensively during the Battle of Stalingrad, where the tanks suffered heavy losses against Soviet heavy armor.
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