37毫米高射炮

37毫米高射炮

国家苏联
类型防空枪
时期1939-1945
建立20.000

37毫米自动防空枪M1939(61-K)(俄罗斯:37-мм автоматическая зенитная пушка образца 1939 года(61-К)是苏联37毫米口径高射炮开发于20世纪30年代末,并在第二次世界大战期间使用。20世纪50年代,苏联的ZSU-57-2取代了陆基版本。这种枪在整个东线成功地用于打击潜水轰炸机和其他中低空目标。它对轻装甲地面目标也有一定的用处。37毫米AD枪的机组人员击落了14,657架安讯士飞机。击落一架敌机的37毫米弹药平均数量为905发。

源: 维基上37mm M1939

37 毫米高射炮四处走动
摄影师韦尔沃尔夫
本地化未知
照片16
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37毫米高射炮是第二次世界大战期间各国使用的一种武器。它旨在使用高爆弹或穿甲弹在中低空击落敌机。之所以选择37毫米口径,是因为它在重量,初速,射速和精度之间提供了良好的平衡。德国、美国、罗马尼亚和苏联生产了不同型号的37毫米高射炮,每种型号都有自己的特点和性能。一些最值得注意的例子是:
– The 3.7 cm Flak 18/36/37, developed by Rheinmetall in Germany, was a fully automatic gas-operated cannon that could fire up to 160 rounds per minute. It had a three-legged platform mount that allowed 360 degrees of traverse and a maximum elevation of 85 degrees. It was used by the German army and air force, as well as by Romania and Bulgaria. – The 37 mm gun M1, developed by John M. Browning and Colt in the United States, was an anti-aircraft autocannon that could fire up to 120 rounds per minute. It had a four-wheeled trailer mount that allowed 360 degrees of traverse and a maximum elevation of 90 degrees. It was used by the US army and navy, as well as mounted on half-tracks and PT boats. – The 37 mm automatic air defense gun M1939 (61-K), developed by the Soviet Union, was an anti-aircraft autocannon that could fire up to 80 rounds per minute. It had a two-wheeled carriage mount that allowed 360 degrees of traverse and a maximum elevation of 85 degrees. It was used by the Soviet army and navy, as well as by China and North Korea. – The 37 mm gun M3, developed by the United States, was the first dedicated anti-tank gun fielded by US forces in numbers. It could fire up to 25 rounds per minute, using armor-piercing shells that could penetrate up to 25 mm of sloped armor at 500 yards. It had a split-trail carriage mount that allowed 60 degrees of traverse and a maximum elevation of 15 degrees. It was used by the US army and marines, as well as by Britain and France.
37毫米高射炮在第二次世界大战中发挥了重要作用,为各陆军和海军提供防空和地面支援。它对低空飞行的飞机、轻型坦克、装甲车和步兵目标有效。然而,它也面临着诸如射程有限、高空精度低、容易受到反电池射击以及由于开发更强大的火炮和更快的飞机而过时等限制。

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