Valentine Tank | |
|---|---|
| Krajiny | Spojené kráľovstvo |
| Typ | Pechotná nádrž |
| V prevádzke | 1940–60 |
| Postavený | 8275 |
Fotogaléria Valentínska nádržTank, Pechota, Mk III, Valentine bol pechotný tank vyrobený vo Veľkej Británii počas druhej svetovej vojny. Viac ako 8 000 kusov tohto typu bolo vyrobených v jedenástich značkách a rôznych špecializovaných variantoch, čo predstavuje približne štvrtinu vojnovej britskej výroby tankov. Mnohé varianty zahŕňali nitovanú a zváranú konštrukciu, benzínové a naftové elektrárne a progresívne zvýšenie výzbroje. Bol dodaný vo veľkom počte do ZSSR a postavený na základe licencie v Kanade. Vyvinutý spoločnosťou Vickers, ukázalo sa, že je silný a spoľahlivý.
Zdrojový: Valentínska nádrž na Wikipédii
| Valentine Tank | |
|---|---|
| Fotograf | Neznáme |
| Lokalizácia | Neznáme |
| Fotografie | 72 |
| Valentine MK V Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| Fotograf | Neznáme |
| Lokalizácia | Neznáme |
| Fotografie | 49 |
| Infantry Tank III Valentine Mk. VI Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| Fotograf | Andrey Loboda |
| Lokalizácia | Neznáme |
| Fotografie | 77 |
Pozri tiež:
| British Infantry Tank Mk. III Valentine V | |
|---|---|
| Fotograf | Don Alen |
| Lokalizácia | Neznáme |
| Fotografie | 26 |
A Private Venture that Saved the Empire
Komisia Valentine was unique because it wasn’t requested by the British War Office; it was a private design by Vickers-Armstrongs. Submitted on Valentine’s Day 1938 (hence the name), it was a hybrid that used the reliable suspension and transmission of a “Cruiser” tank but was wrapped in the thick armor of an “Infantry” tank. While it was cramped and slow, its mechanical reliability was legendary—at a time when other British tanks were breaking down in the desert, the Valentine just kept going. It eventually became the most-produced British tank of WWII, with over 8,000 built across 11 major variants.
| Attribute | Technical Specification (Late-War Mk XI) |
|---|---|
| Úlohu | Pechotný tank |
| Posádky | 3 (veliteľ, strelec, vodič) |
| Motor | GMC 6004 diesel (165 hp) |
| Maximálna rýchlosť | 24 km/h (15 mph) on road |
| Hlavná výzbroj | 75 mm OQF Mk V (45 rounds) |
| Sekundárna výzbroj | 1 × 7.92 mm Besa machine gun |
| Armor | 60 mm to 65 mm (Maximum on front) |
| Prevádzkový rozsah | 140 km (90 miles) |
Design Engineering: Small, Strong, and Simple
- The “Slow Motion” Suspension: The Valentine used a modified Horstmann suspension with two large assemblies per side. While it wasn’t built for speed, it provided a very stable ride and was incredibly easy to maintain in the muddy or sandy conditions of North Africa and the Eastern Front.
- The Turret Squeeze: The biggest design flaw was the tiny turret ring. Originally a 2-man turret (Mk I/II), it was expanded to a 3-man turret (Mk III) to give the commander a loader, but when the larger 6-pounder and 75mm guns were added later, it had to revert back to a 2-man crew because the guns took up so much space.
- Low Silhouette: The Valentine was exceptionally low to the ground (only 2.27 meters high). This made it a difficult target to hit and allowed it to hide behind small folds in the terrain that taller tanks like the Sherman or Matilda II couldn’t use.
- Diesel Pioneer: Most Valentines used AEC or GMC diesel engines. Not only were these less likely to explode when hit compared to petrol engines, but they also provided the torque needed to move 17 tonnes of steel at a steady, reliable pace.
Operational History: From El Alamein to Berlin
- The “Underrated” Lend-Lease: Nearly half of all Valentines produced (over 3,700) were sent to the Sovietsky zväz. While the Soviets hated the tiny 2-pounder gun, they loved the tank’s reliability and low profile, using them as reconnaissance and support vehicles all the way into the streets of Berlin in 1945.
- Desert Endurance: In the North African Campaign, Valentines once drove 3,000 miles (4,800 km) from El Alamein to Tunisia under their own power—a feat of mechanical endurance that few other tanks of the era could match.
- The “Archer” Tank Destroyer: Because the 17-pounder gun was too big to fit in a turret, engineers mounted it on a Valentine chassis facing backwards. This created the Archer, a quirky but effective “shoot-and-scoot” weapon that could fire and then immediately drive away forward (technically backward) into cover.
- Pacific Jungle Fighter: The New Zealand Army used Valentines in the Pacific. Its small size and weight allowed it to be transported to islands where heavier tanks simply couldn’t land, proving effective against the light defenses of the Japanese.
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