Туполев Ту-134

Туполев Ту-134
Страны	Советский Союз - Россия
Роль	Авиалайнера
Первая муха	29 июля 1963
Построен	854

Teh Туполев Ту-134 (Crusty) — двухмоторный узкофюзеляжный реактивный авиалайнер, построенный в Советском Союзе для коротких и среднемагистральных маршрутов с 1966 по 1989 год. Оригинальная версия имела остекленную носовую часть и, как и некоторые другие российские авиалайнеры (включая родственную модель Ту-154), она могла работать с грунтовых аэродромов.

Источник: Туполев Ту-134 в Википедии

Туполев Ту-134А Прогулка
Фотограф	Владимир Якубов
Локализации	Минско-Боровской авиационный музей, Беларусь
Фотографии	149

Tupolev Tu-134A 01

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Tupolev Tu-134A 09

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General Characteristics (Soviet Era)

The Tupolev Tu-134 is a twin-engine, short-to-medium-range jet airliner developed in the Soviet Union, originally conceived to replace the Ilyushin Il-14. The ‘A’ variant was the first major production modification, introducing improved engines and increased passenger capacity.

Property	Value (Tu-134A Variant)
Роль	Short/Medium-Haul Airliner
Производителя	Kharkov State Aircraft Plant / Tupolev Design Bureau
Entered Service (Tu-134A)	1970
Экипажа	3 or 4 (Pilot, Co-pilot, Flight Engineer/Navigator)
Способность	72 to 84 passengers
Длина	37.10 m (121 ft 8 in)
Размах крыла	29.0 m (95 ft 2 in)

Design and Powerplant

Engines: Two Soloviev D-30-II or D-30-III turbofan engines.
Engine Placement: A distinctive feature, the engines are mounted in two nacelles on the sides of the rear fuselage (similar to the BAC One-Eleven or Douglas DC-9).
Thrust (D-30-II): Approx. 66.7 kN (15,000 lbf) per engine.
Cockpit: Features a glazed nose, originally intended for a navigator, a hallmark of early Soviet jet transport design (though sometimes phased out on later A models).
Wing Design: Features a swept wing with noticeable dihedral and leading-edge slats for improved low-speed handling.
Landing Gear: Equipped with low-pressure tires for operation from unprepared airfields, a common Soviet design requirement.

Performance and Variants

Maximum Cruise Speed: 900 km/h (560 mph, 486 knots).
Operational Range: Approximately 1,800 to 2,000 km (1,100 to 1,240 miles).
Service Ceiling: 12,100 m (39,700 ft).
Key Improvement (Tu-134A): Compared to the original Tu-134, the ‘A’ variant has a stretched fuselage for more seating and an improved turbofan engine. It also replaced the rear braking parachute with reverse thrust on the engines.
Noise Issues: Due to the high exhaust velocity of its early turbofan engines, the Tu-134 family was known to be extremely loud and was one of the first Soviet types to be banned from many European airports due to noise restrictions in the 1990s and 2000s.