ドーニエ Do-24

ドーニエ Do-24

ナチスドイツ
役割爆撃機、偵察、空海救助飛行艇
初飛行1937年7月3日
構築279

ドーニエ Do 24 ●1930年代のドイツの3エンジン飛行艇で、ドルニエ・フルグゼグヴェルケが海上パトロールと捜索救助のために設計しました。ドーニエの記録によると、約12,000人が飛行中にDo 24sによって救出されました。1937年から1945年にかけて、いくつかの工場の中に合計279が建設されました。

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関連項目:

第二次世界大戦:電撃戦から原子爆弾までの決定的なビジュアルヒストリー(DK Definitive Visual Histories) - Amazon (アマゾン) 地図による第二次世界大戦の地図(地図によるDKの歴史地図) - Amazon (アマゾン)


A Dutch Design with a German Heart

ドーニエ Do 24 was an exceptionally seaworthy flying boat originally designed for the Dutch Naval Air Service (MLD) to protect the East Indies. When Germany occupied the Netherlands in 1940, production continued for the Luftwaffe. It became famous for its incredible durability in rough water, often landing in heavy seas to rescue downed airmen that other flying boats could not reach. It was so successful that it remained in service for decades after the war, notably with the Spanish Air Force for Search and Rescue (SAR).

Attribute Technical Specification (Do 24T)
役割 Maritime Reconnaissance / Search and Rescue (SAR)
乗組員 6
First Flight July 3, 1937
パワープラント 3 × Bramo 323R-2 Fafnir 9-cylinder radials
Horsepower 1,000 hp (746 kW) per engine
最高速度 210 mph (340 km/h)
範囲 1,800 miles (2,900 km)
武装 1 × 20mm Hispano-Suiza cannon; 2 × 7.92mm MG 15 machine guns

Unique Maritime Engineering

  • The “Sponson” Stability: Instead of using wing-mounted floats that could easily break in rough waves, Dornier used “stub-wings” or sponsons protruding from the hull. These provided lateral stability on the water and acted as boarding platforms for rescued crews.
  • Triple-Engine Reliability: The three engines were mounted on a parasol wing high above the fuselage to keep the propellers clear of sea spray. The center engine was positioned slightly higher than the outer two to further reduce water ingestion during takeoff.
  • The “Two-Step” Hull: The underside of the fuselage featured a sophisticated “stepped” design. This broke the suction of the water during takeoff, allowing the heavy boat to “unstick” and transition to flight much faster in choppy conditions.
  • Broad-Tail Fin: The twin-tail design was specifically chosen to provide excellent directional control during water taxiing and to remain clear of the heavy engine exhaust and wake.

Combat Service & Humanitarian Legacy

  • Seenotdienst: During WWII, the Do 24 was the backbone of the German Sea Rescue Service. It is estimated that Do 24 crews rescued over 12,000 airmen from the sea throughout the conflict, often operating under fire.
  • Spanish Service: Spain operated the Do 24 until the late 1960s. Their aircraft were painted in bright yellow and green “SAR” colors and were legendary among Mediterranean sailors for their ability to land in almost any weather.
  • The Do 24 ATT: In the early 1980s, a surviving hull was fitted with modern turboprop engines and a new wing. This “Amphibian Technology Testbed” (ATT) proved the timeless efficiency of the original hull design.
  • Seaworthiness: While the American PBY Catalina was more numerous, many historians and pilots consider the Do 24 to be the finest open-ocean flying boat ever built due to its superior hull strength and rough-water handling.

視聴回数: 3775

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