Lla Bell UH-1 Iroquois (surnommé « Huey ») est un hélicoptère militaire utilitaire propulsé par un seul moteur turboforme, avec des rotors principaux et de queue à deux pales. Premier membre de la prolifique famille Huey, il a été développé par Bell Helicopter pour rencontrer une armée américaine’s 1952 requirement for a medical evacuation and utility helicopter, and first flew in 1956. The UH-1 was the first turbine-powered helicopter to enter production in 1960 for the United States military, and more than 16,000 have been built since.
The Iroquois was originally designated HU-1, hence the Huey nickname, which has remained in common use, despite the official redesignation to UH-1 in 1962. The UH-1 first saw service in combat operations during the Vietnam War, with around 7,000 helicopters deployed. The Bell 204 and 205 are Iroquois versions developed for the civil market.
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Voir aussi :
Bell UH-1D Huey Walk Around
Photographe
Vladimir Yakubov
Localisation
Musée des oiseaux de guerre d’Estrella, Paso Robles
Photos
100
UH-1B Iroquois Walk Around
Photographe
Michael Benolkin
Localisation
Inconnu
Photos
34
Bell UH-1M Iroquois (Huey) Walk Around
Photographe
Inconnu
Localisation
Inconnu
Photos
49
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The Evolution of the « Slick »
While the earlier UH-1B and UH-1C were the primary « Gunships, » Lla UH-1Dwas the definitive « Slick »—the troop transport that defined airmobile warfare. By lengthening the fuselage of the previous models, Bell created enough room to carry a full infantry squad of 12-14 troops. However, in the heat of Vietnam, « Slicks » were often up-armed with door guns to defend themselves during « Hot LZ » insertions, blurring the line between transport and combat support.
Attribute
Technical Specification (UH-1D)
Rôle
Troop Transport / Medevac / Utility
Crew
2-4 (Pilot, Co-pilot, and 2 Door Gunners)
First Flight (Model 205)
August 16, 1961
Groupe motopropulseur
1 × Lycoming T53-L-11 (later L-13) turboshaft
Horsepower
1,100 shp (later 1,400 shp)
Cruising Speed
125 mph (201 km/h)
charge utile
Up to 14 troops or 6 stretchers
Armament (Typical)
2 × M60D 7.62mm machine guns (Door mounts)
Anatomy of the Air Assault
Extended Fuselage:The UH-1D is easily identified by its 41-inch fuselage stretch compared to the UH-1B/C. It features two large side windows on each sliding door instead of one, allowing for much larger internal volume.
Turboshaft Power:The move from piston engines to theLycoming T53turboshaft was revolutionary. It allowed for a high power-to-weight ratio and gave the Huey its iconic « whump-whump » sound, caused by the tips of the two massive rotor blades breaking the sound barrier.
Door Gunner Stations:For self-defense, UH-1Ds were equipped with M60D machine guns on flexible pintle mounts. These gunners provided suppressing fire while troops rappelled or jumped into landing zones.
High-Visibility Greenhouse:The cockpit featured extensive glazing, giving pilots excellent visibility during low-level « nap-of-the-earth » flying to avoid enemy ground fire.
De « Slicks » À « Dustoff »
Lla « Dustoff » Missions:The UH-1D became the ultimate ambulance. Dedicated Medevac Hueys saved thousands of lives, with a philosophy that any wounded soldier could be in a high-level hospital within an hour of being hit.
Airmobile Doctrine:The UH-1D allowed the U.S. Army to move entire battalions across the jungle in minutes, bypassing difficult terrain and catching North Vietnamese forces by surprise.
Lla « Gunship » Variant Confusion:While the « D » was a transport, it was often accompanied by theUH-1C « Frog » Ou « Porc »—short-bodied Hueys bristling with rocket pods and nose-mounted grenade launchers. Together, they formed the « Purple Gaggle » Ou « Firefly » hunter-killer teams.
Global Legacy:More than 16,000 Hueys were built. The UH-1D/H model remains in service today with dozens of nations, a testament to its « overbuilt » and reliable design.