155mm Howitzer M50 BF

155mm Howitzer M50 BF
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Rooli	Haupitsi
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Rakennettu	1080

Nniiden Model 50 155mm howitzer, also known as the OB-155-50 BF, is a French 155mm, 23-calibre howitzer. It was the first French-designed artillery unit since the Second World War, and entered service in 1952. It was replaced in France by the TRF1 gun, but remained in service in the French reserve until the late 1990s, as well as in other armies..

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Operational Context and Development

Nniiden M-50 155mm (often referred to with the suffix BF for its French Bofors-influenced heritage) was a creative Israeli solution to a lack of mobile heavy artillery. By taking the powerful French Obusier de 155 mm Modèle 50 and mounting it onto a heavily modified M4 Sherman tank chassis, the IDF created a highly capable self-propelled gun. This vehicle saw extensive combat during the War of Attrition and the Yom Kippur War, where its ability to reposition quickly proved vital in avoiding counter-battery fire.

Attribute	Standard Specification (M-50 155mm)
Rooli	Self-Propelled Howitzer (SPH)
Alusta	Modified M4 Sherman (M4A4 or M4A3)
Primary Armament	155mm Obusier Modèle 50 (L/30)
Maximum Range	Approx. 17,600 to 23,300 meters (depending on shell)
miehistö	8 (Commander, Driver, Gunner, 5 Loaders)
Combat Weight	31 Tonnes
Moottori	Cummins VT 8-460-Bi Diesel (460 hp)
Top Speed	45 km/h (28 mph)

Design Characteristics and Firepower

The “Sherman” Modification: To balance the weight of the massive 155mm gun, the engine was moved forward to the front-right of the hull, and the rear was converted into an open-topped firing compartment.
Firepower: The Modèle 50 gun featured a large slotted muzzle brake to handle the recoil. It could fire a 43 kg (95 lb) HE shell with high lethality.
Elevation and Arc: The gun provided a high elevation range of -4° to +69°, allowing it to function both as a direct-fire weapon in emergencies and a high-angle howitzer for indirect support.
Manual Operation: Despite its size, the loading and aiming were manual, requiring a large crew of five loaders to maintain a sustained rate of fire of 2 rounds per minute.

Mobility and Combat Service

HVSS Upgrade: Most M-50s were upgraded with Horizontal Volute Spring Suspension (HVSS) and wider tracks to better manage the vehicle’s increased weight over soft desert sand.
Open-Topped Design: While the armor protected the crew from small arms and splinters from the front and sides, the open top left them vulnerable to overhead bursts and weather.
Deployment: The M-50 was the workhorse of Israeli artillery until the arrival of the fully enclosed American M109 Paladin. Even then, many remained in reserve units well into the late 1980s.