Χίλερ OH-23 Κοράκι | |
|---|---|
| Χώρα | Ηπα |
| Ρόλο | Ελαφρύ ελικόπτερο πολλαπλών χρήσεων |
| Εισαγωγή | 1948 |
| Κατάσταση | Συνταξιούχος |
Teh Χίλερ OH-23 Κοράκι ήταν ένα ελαφρύ ελικόπτερο παρατήρησης τριών θέσεων βασισμένο στο Hiller Model 360. Το Μοντέλο 360 χαρακτηρίστηκε από την εταιρεία ως UH-12 ("UH" για τα Ηνωμένα Ελικόπτερα), το οποίο πέταξε για πρώτη φορά το 1948. Ο εκπαιδευτής OH-23 ονομάστηκε αστειευόμενος "Hiller Killer" από τους πιλότους της Αεροπορίας Στρατού των ΗΠΑ που έπρεπε να το πετάξουν
| Hiller OH-23 Raven με τα πόδια γύρω από | |
|---|---|
| Φωτογράφος | Σίες Χέντρικς |
| Εντοπισμού | Αγνοώ |
| Φωτογραφίες | 79 |
| Hiller UH-12 Raven Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| Φωτογράφος | Unknow |
| Εντοπισμού | Μουσείο Militaire Luchtvaart, Soesterberg - Κριτικές |
| Φωτογραφίες | 29 |
| Hiller UH-12 Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| Φωτογράφος | Gunther Neumahr |
| Εντοπισμού | Αγνοώ |
| Φωτογραφίες | 23 |
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The “Other” Bubble-Headed Hero
Teh Χίλερ OH-23 Κοράκι (originally designated the H-23) was the fierce competitor to the famous Bell 47. Designed by the teenage engineering prodigy Stanley Hiller, it became one of the U.S. Army’s most reliable light observation helicopters. While it shared the iconic “goldfish bowl” look of the era, the Raven was known for being a bit sturdier and easier to fly thanks to Hiller’s unique stabilization system. From the frozen valleys of Korea to the early jungles of Vietnam, the Raven served as the eyes of the Army, a flying ambulance for the wounded, and the primary classroom for thousands of student pilots.
| Attribute | Technical Specification (OH-23D/G) |
|---|---|
| Ρόλο | Light Observation / MedEvac / Trainer |
| Crew / Capacity | 1 Pilot + 2 Passengers (G model) |
| First Flight | 1948 (as Hiller 360) |
| Πλάστης ισχύος | 1 × Lycoming VO-540-9A 6-cylinder (OH-23G) |
| Horsepower | 305 hp (227 kW) |
| Maximum Speed | 95 mph (153 km/h) |
| Service Ceiling | 13,200 feet (4,025 m) |
| Οπλισμός | Occasionally twin 7.62mm M60C machine guns |
The “Rotor-Matic” Innovation
- Rotor-Matic Control: The Raven’s most distinctive feature was the pair of small “servo paddles” mounted at a 90-degree angle to the main rotor blades. The pilot’s controls moved these small paddles first, which then used aerodynamic force to tilt the main rotor. This made the Raven exceptionally stable and easy to handle for novice pilots.
- The “Goldfish Bowl”: Starting with the “C” model, the Raven adopted a single-piece plexiglass bubble. This provided the pilot and observer with a panoramic view of the battlefield, though like the Alouette III, it turned the cockpit into an “oven” in tropical climates.
- External MedEvac Litters: During the Korean War, the Raven was often fitted with two external pods or open stretchers mounted on the skids. This allowed the helicopter to carry wounded soldiers directly from the front lines to MASH units.
- No Hydraulics: Unlike modern helicopters, the early Raven had no hydraulic boost for the flight controls. It was a “pure” mechanical connection, which made it simpler to maintain in the field but required more physical effort from the pilot during high-speed maneuvers.
Korean Scout to Vietnam Veteran
- The My Lai Intervention: An OH-23 Raven, piloted by Hugh Thompson Jr., famously intervened during the My Lai massacre in 1968. Thompson landed his Raven between American soldiers and Vietnamese civilians, using the light helicopter to evacuate survivors.
- Primary Trainer: For nearly two decades, the Raven was the “standard trainer” at the Army’s primary flight school at Fort Wolters, Texas. If you were an Army aviator in the 1950s or 60s, you likely “soloed” in a Hiller.
- Global Export: The Raven was a massive export success, serving in over 20 countries. In Great Britain, it was known as the Hiller HT Mk 1, used by the Royal Navy for decades to train its carrier pilots.
- The Transition to Turbine: The Raven’s military career ended in the late 1960s when the U.S. Army moved toward turbine-powered helicopters like the OH-6 Cayuse. However, many Ravens were sold to civilian operators and are still used today for crop dusting and flight training.
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