T-90 - Russisk hovedkampvogn

Tank T-90
Land	URSS
Type	Vigtigste kamp tank
I brug	fra 1992 (T-90), fra 2004 (T-90A)
Bygget	8830+

Den T-90 er en tredje generation russisk hovedkampvogn, der trådte i tjeneste i 1993. Tanken er en moderne variation af T-72B og indeholder mange funktioner, der findes på T-80U. Oprindeligt kaldet T-72BU, men senere omdøbt til T-90, er det en avanceret tank i tjeneste med russiske jordstyrker og flådeinfanteriet. T-90 bruger en 125 mm 2A46 glatboret hovedkanon, 1A45T brandkontrolsystem, en opgraderet motor og skyttens termiske syn. Standard beskyttelsesforanstaltninger omfatter en blanding af stål og kompositpanser, røggranatudladninger, Kontakt-5 eksplosiv-reaktiv rustning og Shtora infrarøde ATGM-fastklemningssystem. Det blev designet og bygget af Uralvagonzavod, i Nizhny Tagil, Rusland.

Kilde: T-90 på Wikipedia

T-90 Walk Around
Fotograf	Yuri Pasholok
Lokalisering	Unknow
Billeder	261

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General Characteristics

The T-90 is a third-generation Russian Main Battle Tank, developed in the late 1980s and early 1990s from the T-72 platform. Originally named the T-72BU, it was essentially a fusion of the durable T-72 hull with the advanced fire control system and sophisticated protection features of the T-80U. The T-90 was designed to be a more technologically advanced and survivable tank than its predecessors, incorporating a triple layer of protection: conventional composite armor, Explosive Reactive Armor (ERA), and an active countermeasures system. Modern variants like the T-90M feature significant upgrades to firepower, mobility, and armor.

Property	Typical Value (T-90 Base Model)
Rolle	Main Battle Tank (MBT)
National Origin	Sovjetunionen / Rusland
Producent	Uralvagonzavod
Entry into Service	1992
Besætning	3 (kommandør, skytte, chauffør)
Combat Weight	46.5 tonnes (Base) to 48 tonnes (T-90MS)
Length (Gun Forward)	9.53 m (31 ft 3 in)
Højde	2.22 m (7 ft 3 in)

Armament and Fire Control

Main Armament: 1 x 125 mm 2A46M smoothbore gun (later variants use 2A46M-5).
Loading System: Carousel-type automatic loader (22 rounds ready, 43 total), enabling a rate of fire of 6–8 rounds per minute.
Guided Missile Capability: The main gun can fire the 9M119 Refleks (NATO: AT-11 Sniper) laser-guided anti-tank missile (ATGM), effective against armored targets and low-flying helicopters up to 5,000 m.
Secondary Armament: 1 x 7.62 mm PKMT coaxial machine gun and 1 x 12.7 mm Kord or NSVT anti-aircraft machine gun.
Fire Control: 1A4GT/1A45T integrated fire control system (IFCS) with a gunner’s thermal sight (TO1-KO1 or later Sosna-U) and commander’s independent day/night sight (PNK-4S).

Protection and Mobility

Armor: A blend of steel, composite armor, and integrated Kontakt-5 Explosive Reactive Armor (ERA), providing protection against kinetic energy penetrators and shaped charge warheads.
Active Protection: Fitted with the **Shtora-1 optronic countermeasures system** (in early variants), which includes:
- Infrared (IR) jammers (the “red eyes” on the turret) to disrupt semi-automatically guided ATGMs.
- A laser warning system.
- Aerosol/smoke grenade launchers to create a screening cloud.
Engine: V-84MS V-12 multi-fuel diesel (840 hp on base T-90) or V-92S2 diesel (1,000 hp on T-90A and export T-90S) up to 1,130 hp in the T-90M/MS.
Maximum Speed: 60–65 km/h (37–40 mph) on road.
Operational Range: 550 km (340 mi) without external fuel drums.
Fording Capability: Can negotiate water barriers up to 5 m deep when equipped with a snorkel (OPVT kit).