T-90 - Russische hoofdgevechtstank

Tank T-90
Land	Ussr
Type	Belangrijkste gevechtstank
In gebruik	Vanaf 1992 (T-90), Vanaf 2004 (T-90A)
Gebouwd	8830+

De T-90 is een Russische gevechtstank van de derde generatie die in 1993 in dienst kwam. De tank is een moderne variant van de T-72B en bevat veel functies op de T-80U. Oorspronkelijk de T-72BU genoemd, maar later omgedoopt tot T-90, is het een geavanceerde tank in dienst bij de Russische grondtroepen en de marine-infanterie. De T-90 maakt gebruik van een 125 mm 2A46 smoothbore hoofdpistool, het 1A45T brandbestrijdingssysteem, een verbeterde motor en het thermische zicht van de schutter. Standaard beschermende maatregelen omvatten een mix van stalen en composiet pantser, rookgranaatontladingen, Kontakt-5 explosief-reactief pantser en het Shtora infrarood ATGM-jammingsysteem. Het werd ontworpen en gebouwd door Uralvagonzavod, in Nizjni Tagil, Rusland.

Bron: T-90 op Wikipedia

T-90 Walk Around
Fotograaf	Joeri Pasholok
Lokalisatie	Onbewust
Foto 's	261

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General Characteristics

The T-90 is a third-generation Russian Main Battle Tank, developed in the late 1980s and early 1990s from the T-72 platform. Originally named the T-72BU, it was essentially a fusion of the durable T-72 hull with the advanced fire control system and sophisticated protection features of the T-80U. The T-90 was designed to be a more technologically advanced and survivable tank than its predecessors, incorporating a triple layer of protection: conventional composite armor, Explosive Reactive Armor (ERA), and an active countermeasures system. Modern variants like the T-90M feature significant upgrades to firepower, mobility, and armor.

Property	Typical Value (T-90 Base Model)
Role	Main Battle Tank (MBT)
National Origin	Sovjet-Unie / Rusland
Fabrikant	Uralvagonzavod
Entry into Service	1992
Bemanning	3 (Commander, Gunner, Driver)
Combat Weight	46.5 tonnes (Base) to 48 tonnes (T-90MS)
Length (Gun Forward)	9.53 m (31 ft 3 in)
Hoogte	2.22 m (7 ft 3 in)

Armament and Fire Control

Main Armament: 1 x 125 mm 2A46M smoothbore gun (later variants use 2A46M-5).
Loading System: Carousel-type automatic loader (22 rounds ready, 43 total), enabling a rate of fire of 6–8 rounds per minute.
Guided Missile Capability: The main gun can fire the 9M119 Refleks (NATO: AT-11 Sniper) laser-guided anti-tank missile (ATGM), effective against armored targets and low-flying helicopters up to 5,000 m.
Secondary Armament: 1 x 7.62 mm PKMT coaxial machine gun and 1 x 12.7 mm Kord or NSVT anti-aircraft machine gun.
Fire Control: 1A4GT/1A45T integrated fire control system (IFCS) with a gunner’s thermal sight (TO1-KO1 or later Sosna-U) and commander’s independent day/night sight (PNK-4S).

Protection and Mobility

Armor: A blend of steel, composite armor, and integrated Kontakt-5 Explosive Reactive Armor (ERA), providing protection against kinetic energy penetrators and shaped charge warheads.
Active Protection: Fitted with the **Shtora-1 optronic countermeasures system** (in early variants), which includes:
- Infrared (IR) jammers (the “red eyes” on the turret) to disrupt semi-automatically guided ATGMs.
- A laser warning system.
- Aerosol/smoke grenade launchers to create a screening cloud.
Engine: V-84MS V-12 multi-fuel diesel (840 hp on base T-90) or V-92S2 diesel (1,000 hp on T-90A and export T-90S) up to 1,130 hp in the T-90M/MS.
Maximum Speed: 60–65 km/h (37–40 mph) on road.
Operational Range: 550 km (340 mi) without external fuel drums.
Fording Capability: Can negotiate water barriers up to 5 m deep when equipped with a snorkel (OPVT kit).