Фоке-Вульф FW-190 – Прогулянка Навколо

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Focke-Wulf FW-190A-9
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The Focke-Wulf Fw 190, often nicknamed the “Würger” (Shrike) or “Butcher Bird,” was a single-seat, single-engine fighter aircraft designed by Kurt Tank and widely used by the German Luftwaffe during World War II.

When it was introduced on the Western Front in 1941, it was considered superior to the main Allied fighter at the time, the Spitfire Mk. V, particularly at low and medium altitudes.

Key Roles

The Fw 190 was one of the most versatile and important aircraft of the Luftwaffe, serving in numerous capacities:

• Day Fighter/Air Superiority: Its initial and primary role.
• Fighter-Bomber (Jabo): Capable of carrying significant bomb loads for ground attacks.
• Ground-Attack Aircraft (Schlachtflugzeug/Erdkampfflugzeug): У 201 F-series І G-series variants were specialized for this role, often featuring additional armor.
• Bomber Interceptor (“Pulkzerstörer”): Later variants, heavily armed with cannons and even large rockets (like the WGr. 21) to break up Allied bomber formations.
• Reconnaissance (Aufklärer): Fitted with cameras for photo-recon missions.
• Night Fighter (Nachtjäger): Though to a lesser degree than its day fighter role.

Key Variants

The Fw 190 was continuously developed throughout the war, resulting in several major series:

Variant Series	Primary Engine	Role/Distinguishing Feature
Fw 190 A-Series	BMW 801 radial engine	The initial and most produced series. It was a fast, robust, and heavily armed fighter, though its performance dropped at high altitudes. The A-8 was one of the most prolific models.
Fw 190 F-Series	BMW 801 radial engine	Ground-attack specialist. Developed from the A-series with reinforced airframe and wings to carry heavier bomb loads and withstand ground fire. (e.g., Fw 190 F-8)
Fw 190 G-Series	BMW 801 radial engine	Fighter-bomber/long-range ground attack. Similar to the F-series but often configured for longer range by carrying drop tanks.
Fw 190 D-Series (“Dora”)	Junkers Jumo 213 in-line engine	High-altitude fighter. This variant featured a lengthened nose (hence the nickname “Long-Nose Dora”) to accommodate the in-line engine, improving performance at higher altitudes to counter new Allied fighters like the P-51 Mustang. (e.g., Fw 190 D-9)

General Specifications (Fw 190A-8)

Ознака	Specification (Approximate)
Силова установка	1 BMW 801 D-2 14-cylinder radial engine
Engine Output	1,700 – 2,100 hp (depending on variant and power setting)
Розмах крил	10.5 m (34 ft 6 in)
Довжина	8.95 m (29 ft 4 in) (A-series)
Max Speed	Up to 653 km/h (406 mph) (A-series)
Зброя	Typically included a combination of 7.92 mm machine guns (MG 17/MG 131) and 20 mm cannons (MG 151/20), with options for 30 mm cannons (MK 108/MK 103), rockets, and bombs.

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