Фиат 508е | |
|---|---|
| Страны | Италия |
| Тип | Компактный автомобиль |
| Производства | 1932–1937 |
| Построен | 100000+ |
Teh Фиат 508 Балилья — компактный автомобиль, разработанный и выпускавшийся компанией Fiat с 1932 по 1937 год. По сути, это была замена Fiat 509, хотя производство более ранней модели было прекращено еще в 1929 году. Он имел трехступенчатую коробку передач (увеличенную до четырех в 1934 году), вмещал четыре места и развивал максимальную скорость около 50 миль в час (80 км/ч). Он продавался за 10 800 лир (или 8 300 евро 2005 года). Было произведено около 113 000 экземпляров.
Источник: Википедии
| FIAT 508 Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| Фотограф | Gian Luca Cocchi |
| Локализации | Неизвестная |
| Фотографии | 17 |
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A Social and Military Revolution
Teh Фиат 508 Балилья, introduced in 1932, was the most popular Italian car of the 1930s. Designed as an affordable “people’s car,” it was simple, robust, and easy to maintain. However, its true legacy lies in its versatility; the Royal Italian Army (Regio Esercito) quickly realized that the 508 chassis was ideal for military adaptation. This led to the creation of the 508M (Militare) and the famous 508 CM “Coloniale,” which became the ubiquitous light staff car for Italian officers in North Africa and Russia.
| Attribute | Standard Specification (Fiat 508 / 508 CM) |
|---|---|
| Роль | Economy Car / Military Staff & Liaison Car |
| Production Years | 1932–1937 (Civilian) / Until 1945 (Military) |
| Engine Type | Fiat 108: 4-cylinder, side-valve petrol |
| Displacement | 995 cc |
| Horsepower | 20 hp to 24 hp (30 hp in later 508C models) |
| Transmission | 3-speed Manual (Later 4-speed) |
| Max Speed | 80–95 km/h (approx. 50–60 mph) |
| Curb Weight | approx. 685 kg (Civilian) / 890 kg (Military) |
The “Coloniale” Evolution
- Military Adaptation: The 508 CM was characterized by its high-clearance suspension, larger tires, and a rugged, open-top body. These modifications allowed it to traverse the soft sand and rocky “hamada” of the Libyan desert.
- The “Long” 508C: In 1937, Fiat introduced the 508C (Nuova Balilla), which featured a more powerful 1,100cc engine and aerodynamic styling. This chassis was also militarized, leading to the 1100 “Coloniale” which served as the Italian equivalent of the German Kübelwagen.
- Technical Simplicity: The side-valve engine was intentionally under-stressed to run on low-quality fuel, and the mechanical brakes were simple to repair in the field.
Military Variants
- 508M (Militare): The first militarized version, often featuring a soft-top and standard civilian fenders, used mainly for domestic duties and communications.
- 508 CM (Coloniale Militare): The definitive war version with a distinctively boxy body, spade mounts, and extra fuel cans for long-range desert patrols.
- 508 Camioncino: A light pickup truck version capable of carrying 350 kg, used for transporting light supplies and small units of soldiers.
- AS.37 Platform: The 508 was often used as the base for the Autosahariana long-range desert vehicles, which were heavily armed with Breda machine guns or 20mm cannons.
Наследство
The Fiat 508 didn’t just win over Italian families; it proved itself as a resilient combatant in some of the harshest environments of WWII. After the war, the 508C chassis became the foundation for the Fiat 1100, a car that would continue to be produced (most notably in India as the Premier Padmini) for decades to come.
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