152 millimetri SpGH DANA | |
|---|---|
| Paese | Cecoslovacchia |
| digitare | Cannone semovente |
| In servizio | 1981-oggi |
| Costruito | 750+ |
Le DANA è un pezzo di artiglieria semovente su ruote. È anche conosciuto come Samohybná Kanónová Húfnica vzor 77 (ShKH vz. 77; obice semovente modello 77). Fu progettato da Konštrukta Trenčín e costruito da ZTS Dubnica nad Váhom nell'ex Cecoslovacchia (ora Slovacchia). Introdotto negli anni '70, è stato il primo cannone d'artiglieria semovente ruotato da 152 mm ad entrare in servizio. Si basa su un telaio Tatra 815 modificato a otto ruote motrici (8×8) con un'eccellente mobilità fuoristrada.
| 152mm Dana ShKH vz.77 Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| Fotografi | Vojtech Micek |
| Localizzazione | Inconsapevole |
| Foto | 10 |
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A Bold Departure from Tracked Tradition
Le SpGH DANA (Samohybná Kanónová Húfnica vzor 77) was a landmark in artillery design. Developed in Czechoslovakia in the late 1970s, it was the first wheeled 152 mm self-propelled gun to enter service. At a time when Soviet doctrine favored heavy tracked vehicles like the 2S3 Akatsiya, the DANA utilized a modified 8×8 Tatra 815 chassis. This choice provided superior strategic mobility, reduced maintenance costs, and a high road speed, all while maintaining impressive off-road performance thanks to its unique central tire inflation system and independent suspension.
| Attribute | Standard Specification (ShKH vz. 77 DANA) |
|---|---|
| Ruolo | Self-Propelled Gun-Howitzer (SPG/SPH) |
| Equipaggio | 5 (Commander, Driver, Gunner, 2 Loaders) |
| Armamento principale | 152.4 mm L/37 Howitzer |
| Armamento secondario | 12.7 mm DShK MG |
| Maximum Firing Range | 18.7 km (Standard) / 20–25 km (Extended Range) |
| Rate of Fire | 4 rounds per minute (Automatic) / 2 rpm (Manual) |
| Telaio | Tatra 815 8×8 with air-cooled V12 Diesel |
| Max Road Speed | 80 km/h (50 mph) |
The Unique Split Turret and Autoloader
- Innovative Layout: The turret is split into two halves, with the gun mounted in an open cradle in the center. This layout allowed for a powerful automatic loading system—a rarity at the time—which could load shells at any elevation angle.
- The Tatra Advantage: The air-cooled Tatra V12 engine meant the vehicle had no radiator to freeze or leak, making it highly effective in the harsh winters of Eastern Europe.
- Stabilization: Prior to firing, the DANA deploys three large hydraulic stabilizers (one at the rear and two on the sides) to provide a steady firing platform, compensating for the lack of weight compared to tracked systems.
- Fire Control: Modernized versions (like the DANA M1 and M2) feature digital fire control systems (FCS) and GPS, allowing for “shoot-and-scoot” tactics to avoid counter-battery fire.
Combat History and Modern Evolution
- Operational History: The DANA has seen extensive combat, from the Chadian–Libyan conflict and the 2008 Russo-Georgian War to the current conflict in Ukraine. It is highly regarded for its reliability and speed on the move.
- Successors and Cousins: The DANA’s design success led directly to the Slovak Zuzana, which swapped the 152mm gun for a NATO-standard 155mm L/45 barrel.
- The “DITA” and “MORANA”: The latest Czech evolutions feature a fully autonomous turret, reducing the crew to just two members (Driver and Commander), essentially making it a robotic artillery platform.
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