IS-3 JS-3 | |
|---|---|
| Land | URSS |
| Catégorie | Pansrede køretøjer |
| Type | Tung tank |
Fotogalleri på en IS-3 tung kampvogn, der debuterede i slutningen af Anden Verdenskrig den tunge kampvogn IS-3, som er en sovjetisk kampvogn, var ikke i stand til at deltage meget aktivt i de sidste kampe. Han deltog dog i militærparaden den 7. september 1945 i Berlin, hovedsagelig i propagandaøjemed. Det var en beregning, der betalte sig, da den imponerede observatører af de vestlige magter med sin magt og modernitet. Navnet (IS eller JS) kommer fra initialerne til Joseph Stalin på det tidspunkt sovjetiske leder ("J" for Joseph eller "I" for "Iossif" afhængigt af om man bruger den russiske version af fornavnet eller ej), tallet 3 angiver nummeret på versionen i Josef Stalin-serien af tanke.
Kilde: IS-3 på Wikipedia
| Char lourd IS-3 | |
|---|---|
| Fotograf | Unknow |
| Lokalisering | Unknow |
| Billeder | 64 |
Se også:
The IS-3 (or Object 703) was a heavy tank developed by the Soviet Union in the final stages of World War II. While it did not see combat during the war, it was a revolutionary design, notable for its sloped frontal hull, known as the “pike nose,” and its distinctive semi-hemispherical cast turret. The tank’s appearance at the 1945 Berlin Victory Parade greatly alarmed Western Allies, influencing post-war tank development in NATO nations.
Design og udvikling
Innovative Armor Layout
- Initial Requirement: To create a heavy tank with superior protection against German 88 mm guns, addressing the frontal weaknesses of its predecessor, the IS-2.
- Pike Nose: The frontal hull consisted of two heavily sloped armor plates welded together at a sharp central angle. This configuration maximized the effective thickness of the armor and increased the chance of ricochet.
- “Soup Bowl” Turret: The low-profile, cast, dome-shaped turret was inherently stronger ballistically than previous designs, offering excellent all-around protection due to its curvature and minimal vertical surfaces.
Service and Flaws
- WWII Service: Though production started in May 1945, the tank was too late for combat against Nazi Germany. It did, however, participate in the Berlin Victory Parade in September 1945.
- Mechanical Issues: Early production models suffered from significant reliability problems, including weak engine components, gearbox failures, and hull welds that cracked under stress from driving.
- Combat History: The IS-3 saw limited action with the Soviet Army during the 1956 Hungarian Revolution and was later exported, most notably to Egypt, where it saw service against Israel during the Six-Day War in 1967.
Technical Specifications (IS-3 Heavy Tank)
General Characteristics
| Specification | Detail |
|---|---|
| Type | Tung tank |
| Besætning | 4 (Commander, Gunner, Loader, Driver) |
| Mass (Combat) | Approx. 46.5 tonnes (102,500 lb) |
| Length (Gun Forward) | 9.85 m (32 ft 4 in) |
| Bredde | 3.15 m (10 ft 4 in) |
| Højde | 2.45 m (8 ft 0 in) |
Armament and Protection
| Component | Detail |
|---|---|
| Main Armament | 1 x 122 mm D-25T rifled gun |
| Ammunition Capacity | 28 rounds (Separate loading) |
| Secondary Armament | 1 x 12.7 mm DShK AA machine gun, 1 x 7.62 mm DT coaxial machine gun |
| Frontal Hull Armor | 110 mm at 55 to 72 degrees (Pike Nose) |
| Turret Front Armor | Up to 250 mm (Cast, hemispherical) |
Mobility and Powerplant
| Component | Detail |
|---|---|
| Motor | V-2-IS V-12 water-cooled diesel |
| Engine Power | 520 hp (388 kW) |
| Maximum Speed | Approx. 40 km/h (25 mph) on road |
| Ophængning | Torsion bar |
| Operational Range | 190 km (120 mi) |
The IS-3 was structurally flawed but strategically important. Its advanced frontal armor geometry set the design standard for future Soviet tanks, notably influencing the T-54/55 and the later T-10 heavy tank.
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