1. Енджеса ЕЕ-Т1 Осорио е бразилски главен прототип на боен танк, разработен от Engesa. Резервоарът е бил предназначен да бъде продаден първо на арабски и други страни от Третия свят, производство на започване на скок — и даване на възможност на бразилската армия по-късно да направи свои собствени поръчки, без да се налага да финансира разходи за развитие. Разработката на танка първоначално е частно финансирана от Engesa, но проблемите с касовия поток в крайна сметка водят до удължаване на заем от бразилското правителство за подпомагане на програмата. Построени са два прототипа на резервоара, но ЕЕ-Т1 никога не е приет за служба.
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General Characteristics
The Engesa EE-T1 Osorio was a Main Battle Tank (MBT) developed in the 1980s by the Brazilian company Engesa. It was a private venture, designed almost entirely for the export market, especially to meet the demanding requirements of Middle Eastern nations like Saudi Arabia (for which it was the final contender in a major competition). The Osorio featured a lightweight, compact hull built around a high-power-to-weight ratio and utilized advanced modular armor technology for high protection. While two variants were planned—the EE-T1 with a 105 mm gun for the Brazilian Army and the EE-T2 with a 120 mm gun for export—the project was canceled after the main customer (Saudi Arabia) chose the M1A2 Abrams, largely due to political factors. The Osorio remains a significant technical achievement, showcasing Brazil’s advanced engineering capabilities.
Property
Typical Value (EE-T2 Export Variant)
Роля
Main Battle Tank (MBT)
National Origin
Бразилия
Производителя
Engesa
Development Period
1983–1991
No. Built
4 Prototypes
Екипажа
4 (Commander, Gunner, Loader, Driver)
Combat Weight
43.7 tonnes
Length (Gun Forward)
9.34 m (30 ft 8 in)
Височина
2.37 m (7 ft 9 in)
Armament and Fire Control
Main Armament (EE-T2 Export): 1 x 120 mm GIAT G1 smoothbore gun (French design, 40 rounds carried).
Main Armament (EE-T1 Brazilian): 1 x Royal Ordnance L7 105 mm rifled gun.
Secondary Armament:
1 x 7.62 mm coaxial machine gun.
1 x 12.7 mm anti-aircraft machine gun on the commander’s cupola.
Fire Control: Advanced digital fire control system (FCS) from Marconi, featuring:
Laser rangefinder.
Thermal sight for the gunner and commander.
Full day/night, all-weather fighting capability.
Protection and Mobility
Armor: Modular, multi-layered composite armor developed by Engesa. The design utilized aluminum and composite ceramics to offer protection against both kinetic energy (KE) and chemical energy (CE) threats, comparable to contemporary Western MBTs but at a significantly lower weight.
Engine: MWM-Deutz TBD 234 V12 air-cooled diesel engine (built under license in Brazil).
Power Output: 735 kW (1,000 hp).
Power-to-Weight Ratio: Approximately 22.9 hp/tonne (very high for its time).
Maximum Speed (Road): 70 km/h (43 mph).
Operational Range: 550 km.
Suspension: Highly capable hydro-pneumatic suspension system (similar to the Challenger 1), offering superior cross-country mobility and crew comfort.