Renault B1 bis | |
|---|---|
| Land | Frankrike |
| modell | B1a |
| Typ | Tung tank |
| I bruk | 1936–1940 (Frankrike) |
| Byggd | 405) |
Fotogalleri av en Renault B1 bis, Utvecklingen av tanken visade sig vara en lång process och den standardiserades inte omedelbart på grund av ekonomiska, politiska och internationella problem. Av samma skäl hölls de beställda kvantiteterna små. En första "serieorder" undertecknas den 6 april 1934 för 7 exemplar, en andra i Oecember 1934 för ytterligare 20 och sist en tredjedel av 5 den 29 april 1935. 50, med de 3 prototyperna, uppgår summan till 35 exemplar, tillräckligt för att utrusta en full bataljon. Byggandet anförtros de olika medentreprenörerna i programmet, slutmontering är både Renaults och FCM: s ansvar.
Källkod: Trackstory (spårhistoria)
| Renault B1 bis – WalkAround | |
|---|---|
| Fotograf | Unknow |
| Lokalisering | Unknow |
| Bilder | 64 |
| Renault B1 Bis Walk Around | |
|---|---|
| Fotograf | Unknow |
| Lokalisering | Unknow |
| Bilder | 46 |
Se även:
Den Renault Char B1 was a heavy tank designed in France in the 1930s, and the B1 bis was the main production and most formidable variant used by the French Army during the Battle of France in 1940. It was one of the most heavily armored and powerfully armed tanks available to any nation at the start of World War II.
Development and Design
- Role: The Char B1 series was designed as a “battle tank” or “tank of maneuver” (char de bataille), intended to lead infantry breakthroughs, destroy enemy fortifications, and engage enemy armor.
- Heavy Armor: Its greatest strength was its armor. The B1 bis featured **cast and riveted steel armor** up to **60 mm** thick on the hull and turret front. This made it virtually immune to all standard German anti-tank guns and tank guns at typical combat ranges in 1940.
- Engine: It was powered by a **Renault gasoline engine** producing 307 horsepower, which was necessary to move the tank’s substantial weight of about 31.5 tonnes. However, the tank was slow, with a top speed of only around 28 km/h on roads.
Unique Armament Configuration
The B1 bis had a highly unusual and complex armament layout with two primary guns:
- Hull Gun: Its primary anti-tank weapon was a **75 mm ABS SA 35 gun** mounted rigidly in the **front right hull**. This gun had very limited traverse (only 1 degree left/right), meaning the **entire tank had to be pointed** at the target to aim the gun horizontally. The driver was also responsible for aiming and firing the hull gun, placing an enormous burden on one crew member.
- Turret Gun: A **47 mm SA 35 gun** was mounted in a small, single-man cast turret (**APX4**). This gun was excellent against German armor, but the single-man turret meant the commander was severely overloaded, having to search for targets, load, aim, fire the gun, and command the tank simultaneously.
- Secondary Armament: Two **7.5 mm Reibel machine guns** were also carried—one coaxially in the turret and one in the hull.
Operational History and Flaws
- Battle of France (1940): The B1 bis achieved notable successes early in the campaign. During the Battle of Stonne, a single B1 bis famously survived 140 hits from German anti-tank rounds without being penetrated.
- Key Flaws: Despite its resilience, the B1 bis was strategically limited:
- Overburdened Commander: The single-man turret severely reduced the tank’s situational awareness and rate of fire in dynamic combat.
- Range and Endurance: High fuel consumption and slow speed limited strategic mobility and operational range. Refueling was complex and time-consuming.
- German Use: After the French defeat, many captured B1 bis tanks were pressed into service by the German Wehrmacht, often designated the **Panzerkampfwagen B2 740(f)**, primarily for occupation duties, training, and anti-partisan roles.
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